Fentanyl

Fentanyl

Salts []
Fentanyl citrate

Fentanyl hydrochloride

Molecular structure via molpic based on CDK

Rotamer []

Conformer structure via 3Dmol.js

Physical properties []
Molecular mass	336.5 g/mol ^[1]
Appearance	Crystals ^[1]
Melting point	83-84 ^[1]
Decomposition	When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/. ^[1]
Solubility	0.74mg/mL ^[1]
Predicted LogP	4 ^[1]

Structural Identifiers []
Molecular formula	C₂₂H₂₈N₂O ^[1]
IUPAC name	N-phenyl-N-[1-(2-phenylethyl)piperidin-4-yl]propanamide ^[1]
SMILES	CCC(=O)N(C1CCN(CC1)CCC2=CC=CC=C2)C3=CC=CC=C3 ^[1]
InChI	InChI=1S/C22H28N2O/c1-2-22(25)24(20-11-7-4-8-12-20)21-14-17-23(18-15-21)16-13-19-9-5-3-6-10-19/h3-12,21H,2,13-18H2,1H3 ^[1]
InChIKey	PJMPHNIQZUBGLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N ^[1]

Pharmacokinetics[]
Elimination half-life	Intravaneous: 6 mins (T_1/2 α) 1 hours (T_1/2 β) 16 hours (T_1/2 ɣ)Intranasal: 15 – 25 hoursTransdermal: 20 – 27 hoursSublingual: 5 – 13.5 hoursBuccal: 3.2 – 6.4 hours
Duration of action	Intravaneous: 30 – 60 minutes^[5]

Fentanyl (also known as Fentanyl, Phentanyl, Fentanil, Fentanest, Duragesic, Sublimase, Fentanylum, Durogesic, Fentanila or Matrifen) is a opioid substance of the phenethylamine class.

Chemistry

Salts []

Fentanyl is typically found in the form of its citrate and hydrochloride salts.

Stereochemistry []

Fentanyl is a achiral mixture.

Pharmacology

ATC Classification

In the nervous system (N) fentanyl acts In the nervous system (N) fentanyl acts as a analgesic (N02), anesthetic (N01), anesthetics, general (N01A), fentanyl (N01AH01), fentanyl (N02AB03), opioid anesthetic (N01AH), opioid (N02A) and phenylpiperidine derivative (N02AB).^[1]

Interactions []

CYP3A4	induction / inhibition

Subjective effects []

class / Opioid

Physical effects
Constipation Cough suppression Difficulty urinating Itchiness Nausea Pain relief Pupil constriction Respiratory depression Sedation Stomach cramp

Cognitive effects
Anxiety suppression Cognitive euphoria Compulsive redosing Increased music appreciation Thought deceleration

Visual effects
Double vision

bonzi / Fentanyl []

Legal status []

Australia: Fentanyl is a S8 substance.
Brazil: Fentanyl is a Class A1 substance.
Canada: Fentanyl is a Schedule I substance.
Germany: Fentanyl is a Anlage III substance.
New Zealand: Fentanyl is a Class B substance.
United Kingdom: Fentanyl is a Class A substance.
United States: Fentanyl is a Controlled Substances Act#Schedule II|Schedule II substance.
European Union: Fentanyl is a prescription only substance.^[3]^[4]
United Nations: Fentanyl is a Schedule I narcotic under the "Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs 1961".

External links []

References []

National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 3345, Fentanyl. Accessed April 18, 2026. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3345
U.S. Food and Drug Administration; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Fentanyl. UNII: UF599785JZ. Global Substance Registration System. Accessed April 18, 2026. https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/UF599785JZ
Instanyl EPAR. July 20, 2009. Accessed April 18, 2026. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/instanyl
Effentora EPAR. April 4, 2008. Accessed April 18, 2026. https://www.ema.europa.eu/en/medicines/human/EPAR/effentora
Guideline for administration of fentanyl for pain relief in labour. RCP. Accessed April 18, 2026. http://rcp.nshealth.ca/sites/default/files/clinical-practice-guidelines/fentanyl.pdf

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