{"ATC Code":["N - Nervous system","N05 - Psycholeptics","N05C - Hypnotics and sedatives","N05CF - Benzodiazepine related drugs","N05CF01","N05CF01 - Zopiclone","QN - Nervous system","QN05 - Psycholeptics","QN05C - Hypnotics and sedatives","QN05CF - Benzodiazepine related drugs","QN05CF01 - Zopiclone"],"Absorption, Distribution and Excretion":"Rapidly absorbed following oral administration.","Aliases":["Imovane","Amoban","Zimovane","Zopiclona","Zopiclonum","Ximovan","RP-27267","[6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-oxo-7H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-7-yl] 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","RP 27267","Zimovane LS","NSC-758463","Zileze 7.5","Chebi:32315","Zileze 3.75","1-Piperazinecarboxylic acid, 4-methyl-, 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-oxo-5H-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl ester","1-Piperazinecarboxylic acid, 4-methyl-, 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-oxo-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl ester","Limovan","Zopiclon-ratiopharm","6-(5-Chloro-2-pyridinyl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl 4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylate","6-(5-chloropyrid-2-yl)-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyloxy-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine","6-(5-Chloropyrid-2-yl)-5-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyloxy-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazine","6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-5H,6H,7H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","(6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-5-oxo-7H-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-7-yl) 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","4-Methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 6-(5-chloro-pyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl ester","4-Methyl-piperazine-1-carboxylic acid 6-(5-chloro-pyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl ester","6-(5-Chloro-2-pyridinyl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl 4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylate","6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-5H,6H,7H-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","Dtxcid2021155","N05CF01","6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-oxo-5H-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl 4-methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylate","256-138-9","6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","Amovane","Mls000083579","C17H17ClN6O3","4-Methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-oxo-5H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-5-yl ester","4-Methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid ester with 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-5H-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-one","Smr000048685","Sr-01000000090","Einecs 256-138-9","DEA No. 2784","Brn 0768704","Imovance;","Imovane;","S-Zopiclone","Amoban;","4-Methyl-1-piperazinecarboxylic acid 6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-6,7-dihydro-7-oxo-5h-pyrrolo(3,4-b)pyrazin-5-yl ester","Opera_ID_1759","27267 R.P.","Zopiclone CRS - * psy","Biomol-NT_000284","Z 4900","Lopac0_001270","Schembl44419","Mls000028547","Mls001201837","Mls001304058","BPBio1_001146","Chembl135400","GTPL7430","Schembl5529233","Schembl29379554","GLXC-23902","HMS3267I08","HMS3713H22","HMS3746I05","Pharmakon1600-01503425","Zopiclone, 1mg/ml in Acetonitrile","HY-B0741","KHC93378","QYB51883","TTB38524","Bdbm50248251","Mfcd00133931","NSC758463","STK599439","compound 3","Zopiclone 1.0 mg/ml in Acetonitrile","Akos005520380","CCG-205343","DB01198","NSC 758463","Ncgc00016108-04","Ncgc00016108-05","Ncgc00016108-06","Ncgc00024993-03","Ncgc00024993-04","[6-(5-chloro-2-pyridyl)-5-oxo-7H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-7-yl] 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","FZ156793","VS-02685","Sbi-0051236.p002","EU-0101270","NS00010396","D01372","Sr-01000000090-2","Sr-01000000090-4","Sr-01000000090-6","Sr-01000000090-7","Brd-a34309505-001-08-5","Brd-a34309505-001-10-1","Zopiclone, British Pharmacopoeia (BP) Reference Standard","Zopiclone, European Pharmacopoeia (EP) Reference Standard","(rs)-6-(5-chloropyridin-2-yl)-7-oxo-6,7-dihydro-5h-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5-yl 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","1169825-88-0"],"Biological Half-Life":"Elimination half life is approximately 5 hours (range 3.8 to 6.5 hours) and is prolonged to 11.9 hours in patients with hepatic insufficiency.","CAS":"43200-80-2","ChemicalClasses":["cyclopyrrolone"],"Chirality":"racemic","DBI-IGS":["Zopiclone"],"DTXSID":"4041155","Dosing Info":[{"Method":"Sublingual","Tiers":{"Common":{"Entries":5,"Lower":6.8,"Percentage":22.7,"Unit":"mg","Upper":8.8},"Extreme":{"Entries":3,"Lower":14.7,"Percentage":13.6,"Unit":"mg","Upper":14.7},"Heavy":{"Entries":1,"Lower":10,"Percentage":4.5,"Unit":"mg","Upper":14.7},"Light":{"Entries":6,"Lower":6.8,"Percentage":27.3,"Unit":"mg","Upper":6.8},"Strong":{"Entries":7,"Lower":8.8,"Percentage":31.8,"Unit":"mg","Upper":10}}},{"Method":"Oral","Tiers":{"Common":{"Entries":5,"Lower":13.2,"Percentage":23.8,"Unit":"mg","Upper":20},"Extreme":{"Entries":0,"Lower":30,"Percentage":0,"Unit":"mg","Upper":30},"Heavy":{"Entries":5,"Lower":22.5,"Percentage":23.8,"Unit":"mg","Upper":30},"Light":{"Entries":10,"Lower":13.2,"Percentage":47.6,"Unit":"mg","Upper":13.2},"Strong":{"Entries":1,"Lower":20,"Percentage":4.8,"Unit":"mg","Upper":22.5}}}],"Drug Indication":"For the short-term treatment of insomnia.","Druglikeness":{"Lipinski":{"Passes":true,"Violations":0}},"EliminationHalfLife":"~5 hours (3.5 – 6.5 hours) ~7 – 9 hours for 65+ years old","Erowid Experience Reports":[],"Esters":[],"European Community (EC) Number":"256-138-9","Formating":[],"HMDB ID":"HMDB0015329","Health Effects":"They cause slurred speech, disorientation and \"drunken\" behavior. They are physically and psychologically addictive.","HeavyAtomCount":27,"Human Drugs":"Pharmaceuticals","IUPACName":"[6-(5-chloro-2-pyridinyl)-5-oxo-7H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyrazin-7-yl] 4-methylpiperazine-1-carboxylate","InChI":"InChI=1S/C17H17ClN6O3/c1-22-6-8-23(9-7-22)17(26)27-16-14-13(19-4-5-20-14)15(25)24(16)12-3-2-11(18)10-21-12/h2-5,10,16H,6-9H2,1H3","InChIKey":"GBBSUAFBMRNDJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N","MeSH Headers":[{"Id":"M0075579","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0075579.html","Name":"zopiclone","Ref":90},{"Id":"M0075577","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0075577.html","Name":"Imovane","Ref":92},{"Id":"DescTree","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":"MeSH Tree","Ref":93},{"Id":"PubMed from MeSH","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":null,"Ref":118},{"Id":"M0010885","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0010885.html","Name":"Hypnotics and Sedatives","Ref":119}],"MeSH Pharmacological Classification":[{"Id":"M0010885","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0010885.html","Name":"Hypnotics and Sedative","Ref":119}],"Mechanism of Action":"Zopiclone exerts its action by binding on the benzodiazepine receptor complex and modulation of the GABA\u003csub\u003eB\u003c/sub\u003eZ receptor chloride channel macromolecular complex. Both zopiclone and benzodiazepines act indiscriminately at the benzodiazepine binding site on α1, α2, α3 and α5 GABAA containing receptors as full agonists causing an enhancement of the inhibitory actions of GABA to produce the therapeutic (hypnotic and anxiolytic) and adverse effects of zopiclone.","Melting Point":"178 °C","Metabolism/Metabolites":"Extensively metabolized in the liver via decarboxylation (major pathway), demethylation, and side chain oxidation. Metabolites include an N-oxide derivative (weakly active; approximately 12% of a dose) and an N-desmethyl metabolite (inactive; approximately 16%). Approximately 50% of a dose is converted to other inactive metabolites via decarboxylation. Hepatic microsomal enzymes are apparently not involved in zopiclone clearance.","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e17\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e17\u003c/sub\u003eClN\u003csub\u003e6\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e","MolecularWeight":"388.8 g/mol","Passes":true,"Pharmacodynamics":"Zopiclone is a nonbenzodiazepine hypnotic from the pyrazolopyrimidine class and is indicated for the short-term treatment of insomnia. While Zopiclone is a hypnotic agent with a chemical structure unrelated to benzodiazepines, barbiturates, or other drugs with known hypnotic properties, it interacts with the gamma-aminobutyric acid-benzodiazepine (GABA\u003csub\u003eB\u003c/sub\u003eZ) receptor complex. Subunit modulation of the GABA\u003csub\u003eB\u003c/sub\u003eZ receptor chloride channel macromolecular complex is hypothesized to be responsible for some of the pharmacological properties of benzodiazepines, which include sedative, anxiolytic, muscle relaxant, and anticonvulsive effects in animal models. Zopiclone binds selectively to the brain alpha subunit of the GABA A omega-1 receptor.","Physical Description":"Solid","PubChemId":5735,"PubChemTitle":"Zopiclone","RefChem":"196249","RefCount":3,"RefCur":"","References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zopiclone","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220426","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/DB01198","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5735","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=43200-80-2","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0015329","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D01372","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/03A5ORL08Q","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID4041155","Name":"Zopiclone","Sub":false}]}],"Refs":["National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 5735, Zopiclone. Accessed June 12, 2026. \u003ca href=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5735\u003ehttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5735\u003c/a\u003e","Therapeutic Goods (Poisons Standard— June 2025) Instrument 2025. May 1, 2025. Accessed June 12, 2026. \u003ca href=https://www.legislation.gov.au/F2025L00599/asmade/2025-05-28/text/original/pdf\u003ehttps://www.legislation.gov.au/F2025L00599/asmade/2025-05-28/text/original/pdf\u003c/a\u003e"],"SMILES":"CN1CCN(CC1)C(=O)OC2C3=NC=CN=C3C(=O)N2C4=NC=C(C=C4)Cl","SaltData":[],"Salts":[],"Scheduling":[{"gov":"Australia","ref":["2"],"schedule":"S4 substance"},{"gov":"Brazil","ref":[],"schedule":"B1 substance"},{"gov":"Canada","ref":[],"schedule":"prescription only substance"},{"gov":"United Kingdom","ref":[],"schedule":"Class C5 -restricted substance"},{"gov":"New Zealand","ref":[],"schedule":"Class C substance"},{"act":"Controlled Substances Act (CSA)","gov":"United States","ref":[],"schedule":"Schedule I"}],"Solubility":"8.85e-01 g/L","StereoisomerData":[{"ChemicalClasses":["cyclopyrrolone"],"SMILES":"CN1CCN(C(=O)O[C@@H]2C3=NC=CN=C3C(=O)N2C2=NC=C(Cl)C=C2)CC1","Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" 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