{"ATC Code":"N01AX10","Abbreviation":"","Aliases":["2,6-Diisopropylphenol","Disoprivan","Ampofol","2,6-Bis(1-methylethyl)phenol","Rapinovet","Propofolum","Pofol","Phenol, 2,6-diisopropyl-","Diprifusor","Diprofol"],"Biological Half-Life":"Initial distribution phase t\u003csub\u003e1/2\u0026alpha;\u003c/sub\u003e=1.8-9.5 minutes. Second redistirubtion phase t\u003csub\u003e1/2\u0026beta;\u003c/sub\u003e=21-70 minutes. Terminal elimination phase t\u003csub\u003e1/2\u0026gamma;\u003c/sub\u003e=1.5-31 hours.","Boiling Point":"242 °C","CAS":"2078-54-8","ChEBI":"CHEBI:44915","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL526","ChemicalClasses":["phenol"],"Chirality":"achiral","Classes":null,"Color/Form":"Light-straw-colored liquid","Density":"0.955 g/cu cm @ 20 °C g/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e","Dosing Info":[],"Drug Classes":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Hypnotics and Sedatives","Drug Indication":"Used for induction and/or maintenance of anaesthesia and for management of refractory status epilepticus.","Drug Warnings":"Compromised cardiovascular function may be aggravated by cardiovascular-depressant and hypotensive effects.","DrugClasses":["opioid","depressant"],"DurationOfAction":"~5–10 minutes","EINECS":"218-206-6","EliminationHalfLife":"1.5–31 hours","European Community (EC) Number":"218-206-6","FDA Pharmacological Classification":"YI7VU623SF","HMDB ID":"HMDB0014956","HeavyAtomCount":13,"Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Anesthetics, Intravenous; Hypnotics and Sedatives","IUPACName":"2,6-di(propan-2-yl)phenol","Impurities":["diphenyl ether","2-isopropyl-6-propylphenol","2,2-dimethyl-4-isopropyl-1,3-benzodioxole","isopropyl 2-isopropylphenyl ether","2-isopropylphenol","dipropofo","2,6-diisopropylbenzoquinone","2,6-diisopropylphenyl isopropyl ether","2,4-diisopropylphenol","2-(1-methylethenyl)-6-(1-methylethyl)phenol","2,5-diisopropylphenol","4-hydroxy-3,5-diisopropylbenzoic acid","isopropyl 4-hydroxy-3,5-bis(isopropyl)benzoate","m-isopropylphenol","p-isopropylphenol"],"InChI":"InChI=1S/C12H18O/c1-8(2)10-6-5-7-11(9(3)4)12(10)13/h5-9,13H,1-4H3","InChIKey":"OLBCVFGFOZPWHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N","MeSH Pharmacological Classification":"Ultrashort-acting anesthetics that are used for induction. Loss of consciousness is rapid and induction is pleasant, but there is no muscle relaxation and reflexes frequently are not reduced adequately. Repeated administration results in accumulation and prolongs the recovery time. Since these agents have little if any analgesic activity, they are seldom used alone except in brief minor procedures. (From AMA Drug Evaluations Annual, 1994, p174) (See all compounds classified as Anesthetics, Intravenous.)","Melting Point":"18 °C","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e12\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e18\u003c/sub\u003eO","MolecularWeight":"178.27 g/mol","Pharmacodynamics":"Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic agent for use in the induction and maintenance of anesthesia or sedation. Intravenous injection of a therapeutic dose of propofol produces hypnosis rapidly with minimal excitation, usually within 40 seconds from the start of an injection (the time for one arm-brain circulation).","Physical Description":"Liquid","PrevSalts":[],"PubChemId":4943,"Record Description":["Propofol is a phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group. It has a role as an intravenous anaesthetic, a sedative, a radical scavenger, an antiemetic and an anticonvulsant.","Propofol is an intravenous anaesthetic agent used for induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia. IV administration of propfol is used to induce unconsciousness after which anaesthesia may be maintained using a combination of medications. Recovery from propofol-induced anaesthesia is generally rapid and associated with less frequent side effects (e.g. drowsiness, nausea, vomiting) than with thiopental, methohexital, and etomidate. Propofol may be used prior to diagnostic procedures requiring anaesthesia, in the management of refractory status epilepticus, and for induction and/or maintenance of anaesthesia prior to and during surgeries.","Propofol is a General Anesthetic. The physiologic effect of propofol is by means of General Anesthesia.","Propofol is the mostly commonly used parenteral anesthetic agent in the United States, extensively used for minor and outpatient surgical procedures because of its rapid onset and reversal of action, and in intensive care units (ICUs) for maintenance of coma. Propofol has been associated with rare instances of idiosyncratic acute liver injury; in addition, prolonged high dose propofol therapy can cause the “Propofol infusion syndrome” which is marked by bradyarrhythmias, metabolic acidosis, rhabdomyolysis, hyperlipidemia and an enlarged or fatty liver.","Propofol is a hypnotic alkylphenol derivative. Formulated for intravenous induction of sedation and hypnosis during anesthesia, propofol facilitates inhibitory neurotransmission mediated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). This agent is associated with minimal respiratory depression and has a short half-life with a duration of action of 2 to 10 minutes.","PROPOFOL is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of IV (across all indications) that was first approved in 1989 and has 55 investigational indications.","Propofol is an intravenous anaesthetic agent used for induction and maintenance of general anaesthesia. IV administration of propfol is used to induce unconsciousness after which anaesthesia may be maintained using a combination of medications. Recovery from propofol-induced anaesthesia is generally rapid and associated with less frequent side effects (e.g. drowsiness, nausea, vomiting) than with thiopental, methohexital, and etomidate. Propofol may be used prior to diagnostic procedures requiring anaesthesia, in the management of refractory status epilepticus, and for induction and/or maintenance of anaesthesia prior to and during surgeries.","An intravenous anesthetic agent which has the advantage of a very rapid onset after infusion or bolus injection plus a very short recovery period of a couple of minutes. (From Smith and Reynard, Textbook of Pharmacology, 1992, 1st ed, p206). Propofol has been used as ANTICONVULSANTS and ANTIEMETICS.","See also: Fospropofol Disodium (is active moiety of); Propofol Hemisuccinate (is active moiety of).","Propofol is a phenol resulting from the formal substitution of the hydrogen at the 2 position of 1,3-diisopropylbenzene by a hydroxy group. It has a role as an intravenous anaesthetic, a sedative, a radical scavenger, an antiemetic and an anticonvulsant.","LiverTox|CNS|Anesthetic|Miscellaneous"],"References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propofol","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422740","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00818","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/4943","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEMBL","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL526","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEBI","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:44915","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=2078-54-8","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014956","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C07523","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/YI7VU623SF","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID6023523","Name":"Propofol","Sub":false}]}],"SMILES":"CC(C)C1=C(C(=CC=C1)C(C)C)O","Scheduling":[{"gov":"Australia","schedule":"S4 substance"},{"gov":"Brazil","schedule":"C1 substance"},{"gov":"Canada","schedule":"prescription only substance"},{"gov":"United Kingdom","schedule":"prescription only substance"},{"gov":"United States","schedule":"prescription only substance"}],"Solubility":"Insoluble in water. Soluble in alcohol and toluene.","Stability/Shelf Life":"Propofol is subject to oxidative degradation when exposed to oxygen. Intact containers are packaged using nitrogen to avoid oxygen exposure. if propofol is administered directly from the vial, administration should be completed within 12 hours after the vial is spiked. ... If Propofol emulsion is transferred to a syringe or other container prior to use, administration should be begun promptly and completed within six hours after the container is opened. After six hours, the product should be discarded and the lines should be flushed or discarded.","StoreUNII":["YI7VU623SF"],"StructureBase64":"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","Therapeutic Uses":"Propofol is indicated for the induction of general anesthesia. It is also indicated for the maintenance of anesthesia utilizing balanced techniques with other appropriate agents such as opioids and inhalation anesthetics.","Title":"Propofol","UNII":"YI7VU623SF","Wikidata":"Q422740","Wikipedia":"Propofol","XLogP":3.8}