{"Abbreviation":"Pro","Aliases":["Proline DL-form","CCRIS 8602","2-Pyrrolidinylcarboxylic acid","(+-)-proline","210-189-3","DL-Proline","H-DL-Pro-OH","D-Pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid","2-Pyrrolidine carboxylic acid","Prolin"],"CAS":"609-36-9","ChEBI":"CHEBI:26271","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL72275","ChemicalClasses":["amino acid"],"Chirality":"racemic","ChiralityAminoAcid":true,"Classes":null,"Dosing Info":[],"DrugClasses":[],"EINECS":"210-189-3","Esters":["acetate"],"European Community (EC) Number":"210-189-3","HMDB ID":"HMDB0251528","HeavyAtomCount":8,"IUPACName":"pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid","InChI":"InChI=1S/C5H9NO2/c7-5(8)4-2-1-3-6-4/h4,6H,1-3H2,(H,7,8)","InChIKey":"ONIBWKKTOPOVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e9\u003c/sub\u003eNO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e","MolecularWeight":"115.13 g/mol","Opticalactivity":"( + / - )","Physical Description":"Beige solid; [Sigma-Aldrich MSDS]","PrevSalts":[],"PubChemId":614,"Record Description":["Proline is an alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. It has a role as a human metabolite and a Daphnia magna metabolite. It is an alpha-amino acid and a member of pyrrolidines. It is a conjugate base of a prolinium. It is a conjugate acid of a prolinate.","DL-Proline has been reported in Drosophila melanogaster, Populus tremula, and other organisms with data available.","DL-Proline is a racemic mixture of proline, an imino acid. Proline is found in cartilage and is important for maintaining youthful skin as well as repair of muscle, connective tissue and skin damage. It is also essential for the immune system and an essential component of collagen and is important for proper functioning of joints and tendons. Proline is important for the proper functioning of joints and tendons and helps maintain and strengthen heart muscles.","See also: Proline (annotation moved to).","Proline is an alpha-amino acid that is pyrrolidine bearing a carboxy substituent at position 2. It has a role as a human metabolite and a Daphnia magna metabolite. It is an alpha-amino acid and a member of pyrrolidines. It is a conjugate base of a prolinium. It is a conjugate acid of a prolinate."],"References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proline","Name":"Proline","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484583","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106345479","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q106345478","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/614","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/8988","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/145742","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"ChEMBL","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL72275","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL80257","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL54922","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"ChEBI","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:26271","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:16313","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:17203","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=609-36-9","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=344-25-2","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=147-85-3","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0251528","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0003411","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0000162","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C16435","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C00763","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/D00035","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/DCS9E77JPQ","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/L01Q4LGZ5L","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/9DLQ4CIU6V","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID9041104","Name":"Proline","Sub":false},{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID70883367","Name":"D-Proline","Sub":true},{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID5044021","Name":"L-Proline","Sub":true}]}],"SMILES":"C1CC(NC1)C(=O)O","StereoisomerRacemic":"DL-Proline","Stereoisomers":["D-Proline","L-Proline","DL-Proline"],"StereoisomersUNII":["L01Q4LGZ5L","9DLQ4CIU6V",""],"StoreUNII":["DCS9E77JPQ"],"StructureBase64":"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