{"ATC Code":["A - Alimentary tract and metabolism","A08 - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products","A08A - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products","A08AA - Centrally acting antiobesity products","A08AA01 - Phentermine","QA - Alimentary tract and metabolism","QA08 - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products","QA08A - Antiobesity preparations, excl. diet products","QA08AA - Centrally acting antiobesity products","QA08AA01 - Phentermine"],"Abbreviation":[],"Absorption, Distribution and Excretion":"Phentermine shows a dose-dependent pharmacokinetic profile. After oral administration of a dose of 15 mg, the maximal concentration was achieved after 6 hours and its bioavailability was not affected by the consumption of high-fat meals. The reported plasma concentration at steady-state is of around 200 ng/ml as observed in clinical trials.","Aliases":["Phentermine","Duromine","122-09-8","Ionamin","Lipopill","Mirapront","Normephentermine","α,α-Dimethylphenethylamine","Fentermina","Lonamin","Omnibex","Linyl","1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenylethylamine","Phenterminum","Obermine","Phentrol","Phentrol 2","Phentrol 3","Phentrol 4","2-Phenyl-tert-butylamine","Phenyl-tert-butylamine","α-Benzylisopropylamine","Qsiva","α,α-Dimethylbenzeneethanamine","2-Amino-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane","Benzeneethanamine, α,α-dimethyl-","α,α-Dimethyl-β-phenylethylamine","C045TQL4WP","Ethanamine, 1,1-dimethyl-2-phenyl-","NSC-759163","Phenethylamine, α,α-dimethyl-","CHEBI:8080","Dtxsid9023461","Qsymia component phentermine","AdipexP","Adipex P","Hydrochloride, Phentermine","Dtxcid303461","A08AA01","204-522-1","MG 18370","Adipex-P","Phentermine resin","CHEMBL1574","Phentermine-d5","DEA No. 1640","Phenyl-tertiary-butylamine","RCRA waste number P046","HSDB 3158","Sr-05000001805","(α,α)-Dimethylphenethylamine","Einecs 204-522-1","RCRA waste no. P046","Unii-c045tql4wp","Brn 0970319","1246819-25-9","Phentermine base","1-benzyl-iso-propyl amine","Ec 204-522-1","Schembl26615","GTPL7269","Schembl1900874","Schembl4909470","Schembl7548637","Schembl27337058","HMS2093B16","Pharmakon1600-01505660","Phentermine 0.1 mg/ml in Methanol","Phentermine 1.0 mg/ml in Methanol","ααDimethylphenethylamine","Bdbm50246598","NSC759163","Akos004123261","AB02355","DB00191","FP01531","NSC 759163","Ncgc00263911-02","1,1-Dimethyl-2-phenyl-ethylamine","Sbi-0206817.p001","D1291","NS00008990","C07438","D05458","Q418157","Sr-05000001805-1","Sr-05000001805-2","Brd-k96319534-001-01-7","Brd-k96319534-003-03-9","InChI=1/C10H15N/c1-10(2,11)8-9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-7H,8,11H2,1-2H","9008-94-0"],"Biological Half-Life":"The mean terminal half-life of phentermine is reported to be of approximately 20 hours. In conditions where there is acidic urine (pH \u003c5), the elimination half-life is of 7-8 hours.","Boiling Point":"205 °C","CAS":"122-09-8","ChemicalClasses":["phentermine"],"Chirality":"achiral","Color/Form":"Oily liquid","Drug Classes":["Breast Feeding","Lactation","Milk, Human","Anti-Obesity Agents"],"Drug Indication":"Phentermine is indicated, alone or in combination with topiramate, as a short-term adjunct, not pass a few weeks, in a regimen of weight reduction based on exercise, behavioral modifications and caloric restriction in the management of exogenous obesity for patients with an initial body mass index (BMI) greater than 30 kg/m2 or greater than 27 kg/m2 in presence of other risk factors such as controller hypertension, diabetes or hyperlipidemia.  Exogenous obesity is considered when the overweight is caused by consuming more food than the person activity level warrants. This condition commonly causes an increase in fat storage. It is an epidemic condition in the United States where over two-thirds of adults are overweight or obese and one in three Americans is obese. In the world, the incidence of obesity has nearly doubled.","Drug Warnings":"Pulmonary hypertension has been reported in patients receiving phentermine in combination with dexfenfluramine (no longer commercially available in the US), fenfluramine (no longer commercially available in the US), and in those with a history of receiving at least one other anorexigenic agent; however, the possibility of an association between pulmonary hypertension and the use of phentermine as monotherapy cannot be ruled out. Primary pulmonary hypertension is a rare, frequently fatal pulmonary disease. The initial symptom of pulmonary hypertension generally is dyspnea. Other initial manifestations include angina pectoris, syncope, or edema of the lower extremities. Phentermine should be discontinued in any patient who develops new, unexplained symptoms of dyspnea, angina, syncope, or edema of the lower extremities. Such patients should be evaluated for the possible presence of pulmonary hypertension. In addition, patients receiving phentermine should be advised to report immediately any deterioration in exercise tolerance","Esters":[],"European Community (EC) Number":"204-522-1","FDA Pharmacological Classification":[{"Name":"FDA UNII","ReferenceNumber":21,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"C045TQL4WP"}]}},{"Name":"Active Moiety","ReferenceNumber":21,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"PHENTERMINE"}]}},{"Name":"Pharmacological Classes","ReferenceNumber":21,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"Physiologic Effects [PE] - Appetite Suppression"}]}},{"Name":"Pharmacological Classes","ReferenceNumber":21,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"Physiologic Effects [PE] - Increased Sympathetic Activity"}]}},{"Name":"Pharmacological Classes","ReferenceNumber":21,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"Established Pharmacologic Class [EPC] - Sympathomimetic Amine Anorectic"}]}},{"Name":"FDA Pharmacology Summary","ReferenceNumber":21,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"Markup":[{"Extra":"CID-4771","Length":11,"Start":0,"Type":"PubChem Internal Link","URL":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Phentermine"},{"Extra":"CID-4771","Length":11,"Start":76,"Type":"PubChem Internal Link","URL":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/phentermine"}],"String":"Phentermine is a Sympathomimetic Amine Anorectic. The physiologic effect of phentermine is by means of Appetite Suppression, and Increased Sympathetic Activity."}]}}],"Formating":[],"HMDB ID":"HMDB0014337","Health Effects":"Using large amounts of these drugs can result in a condition known as amphetamine psychosis -- which can result in auditory, visual and tactile hallucinations, intense paranoia, irrational thoughts and beliefs, delusions, and mental confusion. Using large amounts of these drugs can result in a condition known as amphetamine psychosis -- which can result in auditory, visual and tactile hallucinations, intense paranoia, irrational thoughts and beliefs, delusions, and mental confusion.","HeavyAtomCount":11,"Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Anti-Obesity Agents","IUPACName":"2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-2-amine","InChI":"InChI=1S/C10H15N/c1-10(2,11)8-9-6-4-3-5-7-9/h3-7H,8,11H2,1-2H3","InChIKey":"DHHVAGZRUROJKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N","Interactions":"'Fen-phen' refers to the off-label combination of the appetite suppressants fenfluramine and phentermine. The rationale for the fen-phen combination was that the two drugs exerted independent actions on brain satiety mechanisms so that it was possible to use lower doses of each drug and yet retain a common action on suppressing appetite while minimizing adverse drug effects. The focus of the present review is to consider whether fenfluramine and phentermine exert actions that are additive in nature or whether these two drugs exhibit drug-drug synergism. The fen-phen combination results in synergism for the suppression of appetite and body weight, the reduction of brain serotonin levels, pulmonary vasoconstriction and valve disease. Fen-phen synergism may reflect changes in the pharmacokinetics of drug distribution, common actions on membrane ion currents, or interactions between neuronal release and reuptake mechanisms with MAO-mediated transmitter degradation. The synergism between fenfluramine and phentermine highlights the need to more completely understand the pharmacology and neurochemistry of appetite suppressants prior to use in combination pharmacotherapy for the treatment of obesity.","MeSH Headers":[{"Id":"M0016536","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0016536.html","Name":"Phentermine","Ref":202},{"Id":"M0016534","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0016534.html","Name":"Duromine","Ref":204},{"Id":"DescTree","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":"MeSH Tree","Ref":205},{"Id":"PubMed from MeSH","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":null,"Ref":231},{"Id":"M0001063","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0001063.html","Name":"Central Nervous System Stimulants","Ref":232},{"Id":"M0001614","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0001614.html","Name":"Appetite Depressants","Ref":233},{"Id":"M0020947","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0020947.html","Name":"Sympathomimetics","Ref":234},{"Id":"M0027961","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0027961.html","Name":"Adrenergic Agents","Ref":235}],"MeSH Pharmacological Classification":[{"Id":"M0001063","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0001063.html","Name":"Central Nervous System Stimulant","Ref":232},{"Id":"M0001614","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0001614.html","Name":"Appetite Depressant","Ref":233},{"Id":"M0020947","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0020947.html","Name":"Sympathomimetic","Ref":234},{"Id":"M0027961","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0027961.html","Name":"Adrenergic Agent","Ref":235}],"Mechanism of Action":"Phentermine is an indirect-acting sympathomimetic agent that acts by releasing noradrenaline from the presynaptic vesicles in the lateral hypothalamus. This increase in noradrenaline concentration in the synaptic cleft results in the stimulation of beta2-adrenergic receptors. Phentermine is classified as an indirect sympathomimetic due to the increase in the level of norepinephrine, dopamine and its indirect effect towards serotonin. Some reports have indicated that phentermine inhibits the neuropeptide Y which is a principal signaling pathway for the induction of hunger. This combined effect produces a continuous flight-or-fight response in the body which reduces the hunger signal as this state is on the immediate need for energy.  Lastly, some reports have indicated that phentermine is a weak inhibitor of monoamine oxidase but this mechanism does not tend to produce a clinically significant response.","Melting Point":"Crystals. MP: 198 °C /Hydrochloride/","Metabolism/Metabolites":"Phentermine undergoes minimal p-hydroxylation, N-oxidation and N-hydroxylation followed by conjugation. The total proportion of the drug that goes under metabolism only represents about 6% of the administered dose where about 5% is represented by the N-oxidized and N-Hydroxylated metabolites.","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e10\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e15\u003c/sub\u003eN","MolecularWeight":"149.23 g/mol","Non-Human Toxicity Values":"LD50 Rat oral (cationic resin complex) 450 mg/kg","Odor":"CHARACTERISTIC OF AMINES","Pharmacodynamics":"It is reported that the main mechanism of action of phentermine is the generation of appetite suppression, maybe due to the increase in leptin, but it is considered that other mechanisms should be involved. Some reports have indicated that the weight loss effect is mainly due to the increase in resting energy expenditure.  In clinical studies where phentermine was used as a monotherapy and as combination therapy, this drug has shown an average weight loss of 3.6 kg when compared with the placebo in 2-24 weeks. Patients treated with phentermine also showed increased maintenance of the weight after treatment discontinuation. As well, even though it is a derivative of the amphetamines, it has not been registered to produce any of the effects of amphetamine such as central nervous system stimulation, elevation of blood pressure, tachyphylaxis or QTc prolongation.","Physical Description":"Benzeneethanamine, alpha,alpha-dimethyl- is an oily liquid. Insoluble in water.","PubChemId":4771,"Record Description":["LiverTox|Weight loss agent|Obesity|Sympathomimetic amine"],"Records":{"UNII":{"Impurities":[]}},"RefChem":"6121","RefCount":3,"RefCur":"","References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phentermine","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418157","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/DB00191","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/4771","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=122-09-8","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014337","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C07438","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/C045TQL4WP","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID9023461","Name":"Phentermine","Sub":false}]}],"Refs":["National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 4771, Phentermine. Accessed February 12, 2026. \u003ca href=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/4771\u003ehttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/4771\u003c/a\u003e","U.S. Food and Drug Administration; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Phentermine. UNII: C045TQL4WP. Global Substance Registration System. Accessed February 12, 2026. \u003ca href=https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/C045TQL4WP\u003ehttps://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/C045TQL4WP\u003c/a\u003e"],"SMILES":"CC(C)(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N","SaltData":[{"AcidCount":1,"Amine":"Phentermine","AmineCount":1,"Formula":"Cl","Name":"hydrochloride","Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" style=\"display:block\" viewBox=\"0 0 99.254 34.536\"\u003e\u003crect width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" fill=\"#fff\"/\u003e\u003cdesc\u003eGenerated by the Chemistry Development Kit (http://github.com/cdk)\u003c/desc\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#3050f8\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\".7\"\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h100v35H0z\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M63.632 22.304 53.836 10.63M53.836 10.63 44.04 22.304M53.836 10.63 40.638 3.01M40.638 3.01 27.44 10.63\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M27.44 10.63 14.236 3.001M25.002 12.037l-10.766-6.22\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m14.236 3.001-13.198 7.62\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m1.038 10.621.005 15.249M3.477 12.029l.004 12.433\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m1.043 25.87 13.203 7.628\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m14.246 33.498 13.198-7.62M14.247 30.682l10.759-6.211\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m27.44 10.63.004 15.248M53.836 10.63l10.045-5.8\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg stroke=\"none\" class=\"atom\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M68.975 5.459h-.72l-2.62-4.066h-.03l.03.596q.024.357.024.732v2.738h-.566V.56h.715l2.607 4.054h.03l-.018-.327-.024-.477q-.006-.262-.006-.482V.56h.578zM73.281 5.459h-.619V3.173H70.15v2.286h-.613V.56h.613v2.072h2.512V.56h.619zM75.786 6.949h-1.943v-.3l.771-.779q.222-.221.372-.393.153-.175.232-.339.079-.168.079-.364 0-.243-.147-.368-.143-.129-.371-.129-.215 0-.379.075-.161.075-.329.207l-.193-.243q.172-.146.393-.246.225-.1.508-.1.41 0 .65.207.239.207.239.575 0 .229-.096.432-.093.2-.265.397-.168.196-.393.418l-.614.603v.018h1.486z\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath stroke=\"#3050f8\" d=\"m63.881 4.83-5.023 2.9\" class=\"hi\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#1ff01f\" stroke=\"none\" class=\"atom\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M95.938 15.417q-.786 0-1.239.53-.452.523-.452 1.446 0 .911.417 1.447.422.53 1.268.53.321 0 .607-.054.292-.059.565-.143v.536q-.273.101-.565.149-.292.053-.697.053-.744 0-1.25-.309-.5-.31-.75-.875-.25-.572-.25-1.34 0-.744.268-1.309.274-.566.804-.881.529-.322 1.28-.322.779 0 1.351.286l-.244.524q-.226-.102-.506-.185-.274-.083-.607-.083m2.756 4.423h-.601v-5.215h.601zM93.03 19.84h-.619v-2.286h-2.512v2.286h-.613v-4.899h.613v2.071h2.512v-2.071h.619z\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e","Title":"Phentermine hydrochloride","UNII":"0K2I505OTV"}],"Salts":["hydrochloride"],"Solubility":"SOL IN CHLOROFORM, ETHER, ACETONE \u0026 DIL ACIDS; SLIGHTLY SOL IN WATER","StereoisomerData":[],"Stereoisomers":[],"Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" style=\"display:block\" viewBox=\"0 0 76.346 34.536\"\u003e\u003crect width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" fill=\"#fff\"/\u003e\u003cdesc\u003eGenerated by the Chemistry Development Kit (http://github.com/cdk)\u003c/desc\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#3050f8\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\".7\"\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h77v35H0z\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M63.632 22.304 53.836 10.63M53.836 10.63 44.04 22.304M53.836 10.63 40.638 3.01M40.638 3.01 27.44 10.63\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M27.44 10.63 14.236 3.001M25.002 12.037l-10.766-6.22\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m14.236 3.001-13.198 7.62\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m1.038 10.621.005 15.249M3.477 12.029l.004 12.433\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m1.043 25.87 13.203 7.628\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m14.246 33.498 13.198-7.62M14.247 30.682l10.759-6.211\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m27.44 10.63.004 15.248M53.836 10.63l10.045-5.8\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg stroke=\"none\" class=\"atom\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M68.975 5.459h-.72l-2.62-4.066h-.03l.03.596q.024.357.024.732v2.738h-.566V.56h.715l2.607 4.054h.03l-.018-.327-.024-.477q-.006-.262-.006-.482V.56h.578zM73.281 5.459h-.619V3.173H70.15v2.286h-.613V.56h.613v2.072h2.512V.56h.619zM75.786 6.949h-1.943v-.3l.771-.779q.222-.221.372-.393.153-.175.232-.339.079-.168.079-.364 0-.243-.147-.368-.143-.129-.371-.129-.215 0-.379.075-.161.075-.329.207l-.193-.243q.172-.146.393-.246.225-.1.508-.1.41 0 .65.207.239.207.239.575 0 .229-.096.432-.093.2-.265.397-.168.196-.393.418l-.614.603v.018h1.486z\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath stroke=\"#3050f8\" d=\"m63.881 4.83-5.023 2.9\" class=\"hi\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003c/svg\u003e","Therapeutic Uses":"Adrenergic Agents; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Appetite Depressants; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors","Title":"Phentermine","Toxicity Data":"LD50: 15 to 20 mg/kg (monkey).","Treatment":"Management of acute phentermine intoxication is largely symptomatic and includes lavage and sedation with a barbiturate. Acidification of the urine increases phentermine excretion. Intravenous phentolamine (REGITINE) has been suggested for possible acute, severe hypertension, if this complicates phentermine overdosage. (L1712)","UNII":"C045TQL4WP","Wikidata":"Q418157","Wikipedia":"Phentermine","XLogP":1.9}