{"ATC Code":"N - Nervous system","Abbreviation":"","Aliases":["meperidine","Isonipecaine","Meperidol","Pethanol","Pethidineter","Demerol","Pethidin","Phetidine","Nemerol","Pipersal"],"Biological Half-Life":"Initial distribution phase (t\u003csub\u003e1/2 \u0026alpha;\u003c/sub\u003e) = 2-11 minutes; terminal elimination phase (t\u003csub\u003e1/2 \u0026beta;\u003c/sub\u003e) =  3-5 hours. In patients with hepatic dysfunction (e.g. liver cirrhosis or active viral hepatitis) the t\u003csub\u003e1/2 \u0026beta;\u003c/sub\u003e is prolonged to 7-11 hours.","CAS":"57-42-1","ChEBI":"CHEBI:6754","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL607","ChemicalClasses":["piperidine"],"Chirality":"achiral","Color/Form":"Solid","DEA no":9230,"Decomposition":"When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxides/.","Dosing Info":[],"Drug Classes":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Analgesics, Opioid; Narcotics; Opiates","Drug Indication":"Used to control moderate to severe pain.","Drug Warnings":"/BOXED WARNING/ RISK OF MEDICATION ERRORS. Ensure accuracy when prescribing, dispensing, and administering Meperidine Hydrochloride Oral Solution. Dosing errors due to confusion between mg and mL, and other Meperidine Hydrochloride Oral Solutions of different concentrations can result in accidental overdose and death.","DrugClasses":["opioid"],"European Community (EC) Number":"200-329-1","FDA Pharmacological Classification":"9E338QE28F","Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Analgesics, Opioid; Narcotics; Opiates","IUPACName":"ethyl 1-methyl-4-phenylpiperidine-4-carboxylate","InChI":"InChI=1S/C15H21NO2/c1-3-18-14(17)15(9-11-16(2)12-10-15)13-7-5-4-6-8-13/h4-8H,3,9-12H2,1-2H3","InChIKey":"XADCESSVHJOZHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N","MeSH Pharmacological Classification":"Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS. (See all compounds classified as Analgesics, Opioid.)","Melting Point":"186 - 189 °C","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e15\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e21\u003c/sub\u003eNO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e","MolecularWeight":"247.33 g/mol","Pharmacodynamics":"Meperidine is a synthetic opiate agonist belonging to the phenylpiperidine class. Meperidine may produce less smooth muscle spasm, constipation, and depression of the cough reflex than equivalent doses of morphine. The onset of action is lightly more rapid than with morphine, and the duration of action is slightly shorter. The chemical structure of meperidine is similar to local anesthetics. Meperidine is recommended for relief of moderate to severe acute pain and has the unique ability to interrupt postoperative shivering and shaking chills induced by amphotericin B. Meperidine has also been used for intravenous regional anesthesia, peripheral nerve blocks and intraarticular, epidural and spinal analgesia. Meperidine is considered a second-line agent for the treatment of acute pain.","Physical Description":"Solid","PubChemId":4058,"Record Description":["Pethidine is a piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain. It has a role as an opioid analgesic, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist, a mu-opioid receptor agonist and an antispasmodic drug. It is an ethyl ester, a piperidinecarboxylate ester and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a pethidine(1+).","Pethidine is a DEA Schedule II controlled substance. Substances in the DEA Schedule II have a high potential for abuse which may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. It is a Opiates substance.","A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.","Meperidine is an Opioid Agonist. The mechanism of action of meperidine is as a Full Opioid Agonist.","Meperidine is a synthetic opioid which has been used widely for therapy of moderate-to-severe pain. Meperidine has not been linked to serum enzyme elevations during therapy or to clinically apparent liver injury.","Meperidine is a synthetic piperidine ester with opioid analgesic activity. Meperidine mimics the actions of endogenous neuropeptides via opioid receptors, thereby producing the characteristic morphine-like effects on the mu-opioid receptor, including analgesia, euphoria, sedation, respiratory depression, miosis, bradycardia and physical dependence.","MEPERIDINE is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of IV (across all indications) that was first approved in 1942 and is indicated for pain and drug dependence and has 4 investigational indications. This drug has a black box warning from the FDA.","A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.","A narcotic analgesic that can be used for the relief of most types of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and the pain of labor. Prolonged use may lead to dependence of the morphine type; withdrawal symptoms appear more rapidly than with morphine and are of shorter duration.","See also: Meperidine Hydrochloride (has salt form).","Pethidine is a piperidinecarboxylate ester that is piperidine which is substituted by a methyl group at position 1 and by phenyl and ethoxycarbonyl groups at position 4. It is an analgesic which is used for the treatment of moderate to severe pain, including postoperative pain and labour pain. It has a role as an opioid analgesic, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist, a mu-opioid receptor agonist and an antispasmodic drug. It is an ethyl ester, a piperidinecarboxylate ester and a tertiary amino compound. It is a conjugate base of a pethidine(1+).","LiverTox|Analgesic|Severe pain|Opiate"],"References":[{"name":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pethidine"},{"name":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55434"},{"name":"DrugBank","url":"https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00454"},{"name":"PubChem","url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/4058"},{"name":"ChemSpider","url":"https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.3918.html"},{"name":"ChEMBL","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL607"},{"name":"ChEBI","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:6754"},{"name":"Common Chemistry","url":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=57-42-1"},{"name":"HMDB","url":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014597"},{"name":"KEGG","url":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C07128"},{"name":"UNII","url":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/9E338QE28F"},{"name":"EPA DSSTox","url":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID9023253"}],"Reported Fatal Dose":"Toxic meperidine blood concentration: 500 ug/dL; Lethal meperidine blood concentration: 1-3 mg/dL /From table/","SMILES":"CCOC(=O)C1(CCN(CC1)C)C2=CC=CC=C2","Salts":["hydrochloride"],"Solubility":"In water, 3.22X10+3 mg/L at 30 °C","Stability/Shelf Life":"Stable under recommended storage conditions. /Meperidine hydrochloride/","StructureBase64":"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Uses":"Analgesics, Opioid; Adjuvants, Anesthesia; Narcotics","Title":"Pethidine","UNII":"9E338QE28F","Wikidata":"Q55434","XLogP":2.5}