{"ATC Code":"R - Respiratory system","Abbreviation":"","Aliases":["Dihydrocodeinone","Hydrocodon","Hydrocone","Hydroconum","Multacodin","Bekadid","Codinovo","hidrocodona","Idrocodone","(-)-Dihydrocodeinone"],"Biological Half-Life":"The half-life of elimination reported for hydrocodone is 7-9 h.","CAS":"125-29-1","ChEBI":"CHEBI:5779","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL1457","ChemicalClasses":["morphinan"],"Chirality":"absolute","Color/Form":"Prisms from alcohol","DEA no":9193,"Decomposition":"When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of /nitrogen oxide/.","Dosing Info":[{"Method":"Insufflated","Tiers":{"Common":{"Lower":2.625,"Upper":7.5},"Heavy":{"Lower":10,"Upper":19.50000000000001},"Light":{"Lower":1,"Upper":2.625},"Strong":{"Lower":7.5,"Upper":10},"Threshold":{"Lower":0.5,"Upper":1}},"Unit":"mg"},{"Method":"Oral","Tiers":{"Common":{"Lower":5,"Upper":10},"Heavy":{"Lower":20,"Upper":24.800000000000068},"Light":{"Lower":2,"Upper":5},"Strong":{"Lower":10,"Upper":20},"Threshold":{"Lower":0.5,"Upper":2}},"Unit":"mg"}],"Drug Classes":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Analgesics, Opioid; Narcotics; Antitussive Agents","Drug Indication":"Hydrocodone is indicated for the management of acute pain, sometimes in combination with [acetaminophen] or [ibuprofen], as well as the symptomatic treatment of the common cold and allergic rhinitis in combination with decongestants, antihistamines, and expectorants.","Drug Warnings":"/BOXED WARNING/ Cytochrome P450 3A4 Interaction: The concomitant use of HYSINGLA ER with all cytochrome P450 3A4 inhibitors may result in an increase in hydrocodone plasma concentrations, which could increase or prolong adverse drug effects and may cause potentially fatal respiratory depression. In addition, discontinuation of a concomitantly used cytochrome P450 3A4 inducer may result in an increase in hydrocodone plasma concentration. Monitor patients receiving HYSINGLA ER and any CYP3A4 inhibitor or inducer.","DrugClasses":["opioid"],"European Community (EC) Number":"204-733-9","FDA Pharmacological Classification":"6YKS4Y3WQ7","Flash Point":"9.7 °C (49.5 °F) - closed cup","Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Analgesics, Opioid; Narcotics; Antitussive Agents","IUPACName":"(4R,4aR,7aR,12bS)-9-methoxy-3-methyl-1,2,4,4a,5,6,7a,13-octahydro-4,12-methanobenzofuro[3,2-e]isoquinolin-7-one","InChI":"InChI=1S/C18H21NO3/c1-19-8-7-18-11-4-5-13(20)17(18)22-16-14(21-2)6-3-10(15(16)18)9-12(11)19/h3,6,11-12,17H,4-5,7-9H2,1-2H3/t11-,12+,17-,18-/m0/s1","InChIKey":"LLPOLZWFYMWNKH-CMKMFDCUSA-N","MeSH Pharmacological Classification":"Compounds with activity like OPIATE ALKALOIDS, acting at OPIOID RECEPTORS. Properties include induction of ANALGESIA or NARCOSIS. (See all compounds classified as Analgesics, Opioid.)","Melting Point":"198 °C","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e18\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e21\u003c/sub\u003eNO\u003csub\u003e3\u003c/sub\u003e","MolecularWeight":"299.4 g/mol","Opticalactivity":"( - )","Pharmacodynamics":"Hydrocodone inhibits pain signaling in both the spinal cord and brain. Its actions in the brain also produce euphoria, respiratory depression, and sedation.","Physical Description":"Solid","PubChemId":5284569,"Record Description":["Hydrocodone is a morphinane-like compound that is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from codeine. It has a role as a mu-opioid receptor agonist, an opioid analgesic and an antitussive. It is an organic heteropentacyclic compound and a morphinane-like compound. It derives from a hydride of a morphinan.","Hydrocodone is a DEA Schedule II controlled substance. Substances in the DEA Schedule II have a high potential for abuse which may lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.","Hydrocodone is a synthetic opioid derivative of codeine. It is commonly used in combination with [acetaminophen] to control moderate to severe pain. Historically, hydrocodone has been used as a cough suppressant although this has largely been replaced by [dextromethorphan] in current cough and cold formulations. Hydrocodone's more potent metabolite, [hydromorphone] has also found wide use as an analgesic and is frequently used in cases of severe pain. The FDA first approved Hydrocodone for use as part of the cough suppressant syrup Hycodan in March of 1943.","Hydrocodone is an Opioid Agonist. The mechanism of action of hydrocodone is as an Opioid Agonist.","Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic, moderately potent, orally available opioid that, in combination with acetaminophen, is widely used for treatment of acute or chronic pain, and in combination with antihistamines or anticholinergics used to treat cough. Hydrocodone by itself has not been linked to serum enzyme elevations during therapy or to clinically apparent liver injury, but the combination with acetaminophen has been linked to many cases of acute liver failure due to unintentional overdose with acetaminophen.","Hydrocodone has been reported in Papaver somniferum with data available.","Hydrocodone is a semisynthetic hydrogenated codeine derivative and opioid agonist with analgesic and antitussive effects. Hydrocodone primarily binds to and activates the mu-opioid receptor in the central nervous system (CNS). This leads to analgesia, euphoria, respiratory depression, miosis, decreased gastrointestinal motility, cough suppression and physical dependence. Hydrocodone is converted to hydromorphone by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6.","HYDROCODONE is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of IV (across all indications) that was first approved in 1943 and has 3 approved and 14 investigational indications. This drug has a black box warning from the FDA.","Hydrocodone is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a narcotic analgesic related to codeine, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant. [PubChem]Hydrocodone acts as a weak agonist at OP1, OP2, and OP3 opiate receptors within the central nervous system (CNS). Hydrocodone primarily affects OP3 receptors, which are coupled with G-protein receptors and function as modulators, both positive and negative, of synaptic transmission via G-proteins that activate effector proteins. Binding of the opiate stimulates the exchange of GTP for GDP on the G-protein complex. As the effector system is adenylate cyclase and cAMP located at the inner surface of the plasma membrane, opioids decrease intracellular cAMP by inhibiting adenylate cyclase. Subsequently, the release of nociceptive neurotransmitters such as substance P, GABA, dopamine, acetylcholine, and noradrenaline is inhibited. Opioids such as hydrocodone also inhibit the release of vasopressin, somatostatin, insulin, and glucagon. Opioids close N-type voltage-operated calcium channels (OP2-receptor agonist) and open calcium-dependent inwardly rectifying potassium channels (OP3 and OP1 receptor agonist). This results in hyperpolarization and reduced neuronal excitability.","Narcotic analgesic related to CODEINE, but more potent and more addicting by weight. It is used also as cough suppressant.","See also: Hydrocodone Bitartrate (has salt form); Benzhydrocodone Hydrochloride (is active moiety of); Hydrocodone hydrochloride (is active moiety of).","Hydrocodone is a morphinane-like compound that is a semi-synthetic opioid synthesized from codeine. It has a role as a mu-opioid receptor agonist, an opioid analgesic and an antitussive. It is an organic heteropentacyclic compound and a morphinane-like compound. It derives from a hydride of a morphinan.","LiverTox|Analgesic|Moderate pain|Opiate"],"References":[{"name":"Wikipedia","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydrocodone"},{"name":"Wikidata","url":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q411441"},{"name":"DrugBank","url":"https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB00956"},{"name":"PubChem","url":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5284569"},{"name":"ChemSpider","url":"https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.4447623.html"},{"name":"ChEMBL","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL1457"},{"name":"ChEBI","url":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:5779"},{"name":"Common Chemistry","url":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=125-29-1"},{"name":"HMDB","url":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0015091"},{"name":"KEGG","url":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C08024"},{"name":"UNII","url":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/6YKS4Y3WQ7"},{"name":"EPA DSSTox","url":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID8023131"}],"Reported Fatal Dose":"... Seventeen deaths were attributed to hydrocodone alone. Mean and median postmortem hydrocodone blood concentrations were 0.53 mg/L and 0.40 mg/L, respectively. The range was 0.12 to 1.6 mg/L, with 11 cases (65%) \u003c or = 0.5 mg/L....","SMILES":"CN1CC[C@]23[C@@H]4[C@H]1CC5=C2C(=C(C=C5)OC)O[C@H]3C(=O)CC4","Salts":["tartrate","bitartrate","hydrochloride","monohydrate","hydrochloride dihydrate","dihydrate"],"Solubility":"Soluble in acetone, ethyl acetate, chloroform","Stability/Shelf Life":"Stable under recommended storage conditions.","StructureBase64":"<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" height="95.144mm" version="1.2" viewBox="0 0 78.411 95.144" width="78.411mm">
      
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