{"Abbreviation":"","Aliases":["Prunetol","4',5,7-Trihydroxyisoflavone","Genisterin","Genisteol","Sophoricol","5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4H-chromen-4-one","5,7,4'-Trihydroxyisoflavone","Bonistein","Genestein","Differenol A"],"Biological Half-Life":"... Thirty healthy men ingested a single dose of 1 of 2 isoflavone preparations purified from soy. The delivered doses of genistein (1, 2, 4, 8, or 16 mg/kg body wt) were higher than those previously administered to humans. Formulation A was composed of 90 +/- 5% genistein, 10% daidzein, and 1% glycitein. Formulation B was composed of 43% genistein, 21% daidzein, and 2% glycitein. ... The mean elimination half-lives with both formulations were 3.2 hr for free genistein and 4.2 hr for free daidzein. The mean pseudo half-lives were 9.2 hr for total genistein and 8.2 hr for total daidzein.","CAS":"446-72-0","ChEBI":"CHEBI:28088","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL44","ChemicalClasses":[],"Chirality":"achiral","Color/Form":"Rectangular or six-sided rods from 60% alcohol. Dendritic needles from ether","Dosing Info":[],"Drug Indication":"Currently Genistein is being studied in clinical trials as a treatment for prostate cancer.","Drug Warnings":"Genistein/genistin intake has been associated with hypothyroidism in some.","DrugClasses":[],"EINECS":"207-174-9","Esters":["acetate"],"European Community (EC) Number":"207-174-9","HMDB ID":"HMDB0003217","HeavyAtomCount":20,"IUPACName":"5,7-dihydroxy-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)chromen-4-one","InChI":"InChI=1S/C15H10O5/c16-9-3-1-8(2-4-9)11-7-20-13-6-10(17)5-12(18)14(13)15(11)19/h1-7,16-18H","InChIKey":"TZBJGXHYKVUXJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N","MeSH Pharmacological Classification":"Agents that inhibit PROTEIN KINASES. (See all compounds classified as Protein Kinase Inhibitors.)","Melting Point":"297-298 °C (slight decomposition)","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e15\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e10\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e5\u003c/sub\u003e","MolecularWeight":"270.24 g/mol","Physical Description":"Solid","PrevSalts":[],"PubChemId":5280961,"Record Description":["Genistein is a 7-hydroxyisoflavone with additional hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4'. It is a phytoestrogenic isoflavone with antioxidant properties. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, an EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor, a phytoestrogen, a plant metabolite, a geroprotector and a human urinary metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a genistein(1-).","An isoflavonoid derived from soy products. It inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase and topoisomerase-II (DNA topoisomerases, type II) activity and is used as an antineoplastic and antitumor agent. Experimentally, it has been shown to induce G2 phase arrest in human and murine cell lines.  Additionally, genistein has antihelmintic activity. It has been determined to be the active ingredient in Felmingia vestita, which is a plant traditionally used against worms. It has shown to be effective in the treatment of common liver fluke, pork trematode and poultry cestode.  Further, genistein is a phytoestrogen which has selective estrogen receptor modulator properties. It has been investigated in clinical trials as an alternative to classical hormone therapy to help prevent cardiovascular disease in postmenopausal women.    Natural sources of genistein include tofu, fava beans, soybeans, kudzu, and lupin.","Genistein has been reported in Salvia hispanica, Glycine soja, and other organisms with data available.","Genistein is a soy-derived isoflavone and phytoestrogen with antineoplastic activity. Genistein binds to and inhibits protein-tyrosine kinase, thereby disrupting signal transduction and inducing cell differentiation.  This agent also inhibits topoisomerase-II, leading to DNA fragmentation and apoptosis, and induces G2/M cell cycle arrest.  Genistein exhibits antioxidant, antiangiogenic, and immunosuppressive activities. (NCI04)","GENISTEIN is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of II (across all indications) and has 16 investigational indications.","Genistein is one of several known isoflavones. Isoflavones compounds, such as genistein and daidzein, are found in a number of plants, but soybeans and soy products like tofu and textured vegetable protein are the primary food source. Genistein is a natural bioactive compound derived from legumes and has drawn because of its potentially beneficial effects on some human degenerative diseases. It has a weak estrogenic effect and is a well-known non-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitor at pharmacological doses. Epidemiological studies show that genistein intake is inversely associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Data suggests a protective role of genistein in cardiovascular events. However, the mechanisms of the genistein action on vascular protective effects are unclear. Past extensive studies exploring its hypolipidemic effect resulted in contradictory data. Genistein also is a relatively poor antioxidant. However, genistein protects against pro-inflammatory factor-induced vascular endothelial barrier dysfunction and inhibits leukocyte-endothelium interaction, thereby modulating vascular inflammation, a major event in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Genistein exerts a non-genomic action by targeting on important signaling molecules in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). Genistein rapidly activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase and production of nitric oxide in ECs. This genistein effect is novel since it is independent of its known effects, but mediated by the cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) cascade. Genistein directly stimulates the plasma membrane-associated adenylate cyclases, leading to activation of the cAMP signaling pathway. In addition, genistein activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, ligand-activated nuclear receptors important to normal vascular function. Furthermore, genistein reduces reactive oxygen species (ROS) by attenuating the expression of ROS-producing enzymes. These findings reveal the roles for genistein in the regulation of vascular function and provide a basis for further investigating its therapeutic potential for inflammatory-related vascular disease.  (A3190).","An isoflavonoid derived from soy products. It inhibits PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE and topoisomerase-II (DNA TOPOISOMERASES, TYPE II); activity and is used as an antineoplastic and antitumor agent. Experimentally, it has been shown to induce G2 PHASE arrest in human and murine cell lines and inhibits PROTEIN-TYROSINE KINASE.","See also: Isoflavone (subclass of); Trifolium pratense flower (part of); Medicago sativa whole (part of) ... View More ...","Genistein is a 7-hydroxyisoflavone with additional hydroxy groups at positions 5 and 4'. It is a phytoestrogenic isoflavone with antioxidant properties. It has a role as an antineoplastic agent, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, an EC 5.99.1.3 [DNA topoisomerase (ATP-hydrolysing)] inhibitor, a phytoestrogen, a plant metabolite, a geroprotector and a human urinary metabolite. It is a conjugate acid of a genistein(1-)."],"References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genistein","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q415957","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB01645","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/5280961","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChemSpider","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.4444448.html","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEMBL","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL44","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEBI","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:28088","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=446-72-0","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0003217","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C06563","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/DH2M523P0H","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID5022308","Name":"Genistein","Sub":false}]}],"SMILES":"C1=CC(=CC=C1C2=COC3=CC(=CC(=C3C2=O)O)O)O","Solubility":"Soluble in the usual organic solvents; soluble in dilute alkalies with yellow color. 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