{"ATC Code":"G03AA07","Abbreviation":"EE","Aliases":["ethinyl estradiol","Ethynylestradiol","Ethynyl estradiol","Ethinyloestradiol","Ginestrene","17α-Ethynylestradiol","Amenoron","Dyloform","Estorals","Ethinoral"],"Biological Half-Life":"A 30µg oral dose has a half life of 8.4±4.8h and a 1.2mg topical dose has a half life of 27.7±34.2h.","CAS":"57-63-6","ChEBI":"CHEBI:4903","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL691","ChemicalClasses":["steroid"],"Chirality":"absolute","Color/Form":"Fine, white to creamy white crystalline powder","Decomposition":"When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.","Dosing Info":[],"Drug Classes":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Estrogens; Estrogenic Steroids, Alkylated","Drug Indication":"Ethinylestradiol is combined with other drugs for use as a contraceptive, premenstrual dysphoric disorder, moderate acne, moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms of menopause, prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis.","Drug Warnings":"/BOXED WARNING/ WARNING: Estrogens and progestins should not be used for the prevention of cardiovascular disease or dementia. The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) study reported increased risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, invasive breast cancer, pulmonary emboli, and deep vein thrombosis in postmenopausal women (50 to 79 years of age) during 5 years of treatment with oral conjugated estrogens (CE 0.625 mg) combined with medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA 2.5 mg) relative to placebo. The Women's Health Initiative Memory Study (WHIMS), a substudy of WHI, reported increased risk of developing probable dementia in postmenopausal women 65 years of age or older during 4 years of treatment with oral conjugated estrogens plus medroxyprogesterone acetate relative to placebo. It is unknown whether this finding applies to younger postmenopausal women. Other doses of oral conjugated estrogens with medroxyprogesterone acetate, and other combinations and dosage forms of estrogens and progestins were not studied in the WHI clinical trials and, in the absence of comparable data, these risks should be assumed to be similar. Because of these risks, estrogens with or without progestins should be prescribed at the lowest effective doses and for the shortest duration consistent with treatment goals and risks for the individual woman.","DrugClasses":["hormone"],"EINECS":"200-342-2","EliminationHalfLife":"7–36 hours","European Community (EC) Number":"200-342-2","FDA Pharmacological Classification":"423D2T571U","HMDB ID":"HMDB0001926","HeavyAtomCount":22,"Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Estrogens; Estrogenic Steroids, Alkylated","IUPACName":"(8R,9S,13S,14S,17R)-17-ethynyl-13-methyl-7,8,9,11,12,14,15,16-octahydro-6H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,17-diol","Impurities":["9,11-dehydro ethynyl estradiol","6.beta.-hydroxy-ethinylestradiol","alfatradiol","estradiol","4-methyl-ethinylestradiol","1-methyl-ethinylestradiol","6-oxo-ethinylestradiol","6,7-dehydroethynylestradiol","17.beta.-ethinylestradiol","6.alpha.-hydroxy-ethinylestradiol","2-methyl-ethinylestradiol","16-oxo-ethinylestradiol","estrone"],"InChI":"InChI=1S/C20H24O2/c1-3-20(22)11-9-18-17-6-4-13-12-14(21)5-7-15(13)16(17)8-10-19(18,20)2/h1,5,7,12,16-18,21-22H,4,6,8-11H2,2H3/t16-,17-,18+,19+,20+/m1/s1","InChIKey":"BFPYWIDHMRZLRN-SLHNCBLASA-N","MeSH Pharmacological Classification":"Oral contraceptives which owe their effectiveness to hormonal preparations. (See all compounds classified as Contraceptives, Oral, Hormonal.)","Melting Point":"288 to 295 °F (NTP, 1992)","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e20\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e24\u003c/sub\u003eO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e","MolecularWeight":"296.4 g/mol","Odor":"Odorless","Opticalactivity":"UNSPECIFIED","Pharmacodynamics":"Ethinylestradiol is a synthetic estrogen that decreases luteinizing hormone to decrease endometrial vascularization, and decreases gonadotrophic hormone to prevent ovulation. It has a long duration of action as it is taken once daily, and a wide therapeutic index as overdoses are generally not associated with serious adverse effects. Patients should be counselled regarding the risks of thrombotic events.","Physical Description":"Ethinylestradiol is a fine white to creamy white powder. A synthetic steroid. Used in combination with progestogen as an oral contraceptive.","PrevSalts":[],"PubChemId":5991,"Record Description":["Ethinylestradiol can cause cancer according to an independent committee of scientific and health experts.","Ethinylestradiol is a fine white to creamy white powder. A synthetic steroid. Used in combination with progestogen as an oral contraceptive.","17alpha-ethynylestradiol is a 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration. It has a role as a xenoestrogen. It is a 17-hydroxy steroid, a terminal acetylenic compound and a 3-hydroxy steroid. It is functionally related to a 17beta-estradiol and an estradiol.","Ethinylestradiol was first synthesized in 1938 by Hans Herloff Inhoffen and Walter Hohlweg at Schering. It was developed in an effort to create an estrogen with greater oral bioavailability. These properties were achieved by the substitution of an ethinyl group at carbon 17 of [estradiol]. Ethinylestradiol soon replaced [mestranol] in contraceptive pills.  Ethinylestradiol was granted FDA approval on 25 June 1943.","Ethinyl estradiol is an Estrogen. The mechanism of action of ethinyl estradiol is as an Estrogen Receptor Agonist.","Ethinyl estradiol has been reported in Minthostachys mollis, Elsholtzia eriostachya, and other organisms with data available.","Ethinyl Estradiol is a semisynthetic estrogen. Ethinyl estradiol binds to the estrogen receptor complex and enters the nucleus, activating DNA transcription of genes involved in estrogenic cellular responses. This agent also inhibits 5-alpha reductase in epididymal tissue, which lowers testosterone levels and may delay progression of prostatic cancer. In addition to its antineoplastic effects, ethinyl estradiol protects against osteoporosis. In animal models, short-term therapy with this agent has been shown to provide long-term protection against breast cancer, mimicking the antitumor effects of pregnancy. (NCI04)","ETHINYL ESTRADIOL is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of IV (across all indications) that was first approved in 2001 and has 3 approved and 29 investigational indications.","A semisynthetic alkylated estradiol with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally and is often used as the estrogenic component in oral contraceptives . Ethinyl estradiol is marketed mostly as a combination oral contraceptive under several brand names such as Alesse, Tri-Cyclen, Triphasil, and Yasmin. The FDA label includes a black box warning that states that combination oral contraceptives should not be used in women over 35 years old who smoke due to the increased risk of serious cardiovascular side effects. ","A semisynthetic alkylated ESTRADIOL with a 17-alpha-ethinyl substitution. It has high estrogenic potency when administered orally, and is often used as the estrogenic component in ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES.","See also: Ethinyl estradiol; norgestrel (component of); Desogestrel; ethinyl estradiol (component of); Ethynodiol Diacetate and Ethinyl Estradiol (component of) ... View More ...","Ethinylestradiol can cause cancer according to an independent committee of scientific and health experts.","17alpha-ethynylestradiol is a 3-hydroxy steroid that is estradiol substituted by a ethynyl group at position 17. It is a xenoestrogen synthesized from estradiol and has been shown to exhibit high estrogenic potency on oral administration. It has a role as a xenoestrogen. It is a 17-hydroxy steroid, a terminal acetylenic compound and a 3-hydroxy steroid. 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