{"ATC Code":["N - Nervous system","N06 - Psychoanaleptics","N06B - Psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics","N06BA - Centrally acting sympathomimetics","N06BA01 - Amfetamine","QN - Nervous system","QN06 - Psychoanaleptics","QN06B - Psychostimulants, agents used for adhd and nootropics","QN06BA - Centrally acting sympathomimetics","QN06BA01 - Amfetamine"],"Abbreviation":["Speed"],"Absorption, Distribution and Excretion":"Amphetamine is well absorbed in the gut and as it is a weak base hence the more basic the environment the more of the drug is found in a lipid-soluble form and the absorption through lipid-rich cell membranes is highly favored. The peak response of amphetamine occurs 1-3 hours after oral administration and approximately 15 minutes after injection and it presents a bioavailability of over 75%. Complete amphetamine absorption is usually done after 4-6 hours.","Adverse Effects":"Reports exist of slowing growth velocity and reduction in adult height in patients who took stimulants as children, with an average adult height deficit of 4.7 cm among patients who consistently took the medication. This stunted growth appears to be primarily a consequence of reduced appetite and caloric intake associated with stimulant medications.","Aliases":["Amphetamine","Amfetamine","1-Phenyl-2-aminopropane","Desoxynorephedrine","Norephedrane","Elastonon","Fenopromin","Phenedrine","β-Aminopropylbenzene","Propisamine","Psychedrine","Raphetamine","Rhinalator","Simpatedrin","Sympatedrine","Actedron","Allodene","Anorexide","Anorexine","Benzebar","Benzolone","Isoamyne","Mecodrin","Novydrine","Oktedrin","Ortedrine","Percomon","Profamina","Simpatina","Sympamine","Weckamine","Adipan","Finam","Isomyn","1-Methyl-2-phenylethylamine","1-Phenyl-2-propylamine","amfetaminum","α-Methylbenzeneethaneamine","3-Phenyl-2-propylamine","Anfetamina","Fenylo-izopropylaminyl","(Phenylisopropyl)amine","α-Methylphenethylamine","2-Amino-1-phenylpropane","Benzedrine","Amfetamin","Amfetamina","Amphetamin","Dyanavel","β-Phenylisopropylamin","Adderall XR","Dyanavel XR","Adzenys ER","1-Phenyl-2-amino-propan","α-Methylphenylethylamine","β-Phenylisopropylamine","rac-Amphetamine","α-Methylbenzeneethanamine","Adzenys XR-ODT","NSC-27159","Phenethylamine, α-methyl-, (+-)-","3-Amino-1-propylbenzene","Benzeneethanamine, α-methyl-, (+-)-","1-Phenylpropan-2-amin","CHEBI:2679","Dtxsid4022600","Chebi:132233","NSC27159","Desoxynorephedrin","amphetaminium","Amphetamine Sulfate","l Amphetamine","Sulfate, Amphetamine","phenaminum","Dtxcid402600","N06BA01","200-458-3","206-096-2","amphetaminum","Phenamine","Phenopromin","Protioamphetamine","1-Phenyl-2-propanamine","racemic-Desoxynor-ephedrine","Benzeneethanamine, α-methyl-","DEA No. 1100","60-15-1","Dexacaps","AMFETAMINE","Phenethylamine, α-methyl-, (.+/-.)-","Benzeneethanamine, α-methyl-, (.+/-.)-","Amfetaminum","AM","DELCOBESE","HSDB 3287","3-phenylpropan-2-amine","β-phenyl-isopropylamine","Einecs 200-458-3","Einecs 206-096-2","NSC 27159","Unii-ck833kgx7e","Adderal","Isoamycin","Phenethylamine, α-methyl-","amphetamine-","AI3-02438","component of Amodex","Phenethylamine, d-","S(+)-Amphetamine","Adzenys","(plusmn)-amphetamine","Benzeneethanamine, α-methyl-, (S)-","Noclon","Norephedrine, deoxy-","Fenamin","Ortenal","Zedrine","Euphodyn","Stimulan","Fabedrine","Oraldrina","Vapedrine","Sympametin","component of Biphetamine","Phenethylamine, (+)-","(.+/-.)-Benzedrine","Benzeneethanamine, (S)-","α-methyl phenethylamine","Amphetamine,","CHEMBL405","Schembl8858","benzene, (2-amino)propyl-","Epitope ID:2278484","Oprea1_447423","d/l-Amphetamine hydrochloride","(.+/-.)-Desoxynorephedrine","DivK1c_000991","Wln: zy1\u00261r","α-Phenylethylamine","benzeneethanamine α-methyl-","GTPL4804","Schembl1785509","Schembl3588584","Schembl6048471","Schembl6318661","Schembl7572963","Schembl9863446","Wln: zy1\u00261r -d","HMS503G03","KBio1_000991","Ninds_000991","rac-(2R)-1-phenylpropan-2-amine","α-Methylphenethylamine, d-form","Bdbm50005246","(+)-β-Phenylisopropylamine","(.+/-.)-β-Phenylisopropylamine","AB07478","DB00182","NT-0201","(.+/-.)-α-Methylphenethylamine","Idi1_000991","rac-Amphetamine 1.0 mg/ml in Methanol","(.+/-.)-α-Methylphenylethylamine","DB-047697","NS00000406","C07514","D07445","L000864","Selegiline hydrochloride impurity b"],"Biological Half-Life":"The half-life of amphetamine highly depends on the isomer. For d-amphetamine, the reported half-life is of approximately 9-11 hours while for l-amphetamine the half-life is reported to be of 11-14 hours. The urine pH can modify this pharmacokinetic parameter which can vary from 7 hours in acid urine to 34 hours for alkaline urine.","Boiling Point":"392 to 397 °F at 760 mmHg (EPA, 1998)","CAS":"300-62-9","Chemical Classes":"Stimulant","ChemicalClasses":["amphetamine"],"Chirality":"racemic","Classes":["Stimulant"],"Color/Form":"Mobile liquid","DBI-IGS":["Amphetamine"],"Decomposition":"When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of nitroxides.","Density":"0.913 at 77 °F (EPA, 1998) - Less dense than water; will float g/cm\u003csup\u003e3\u003c/sup\u003e","Dosing Info":[{"Method":"Insufflated","Tiers":{"Common":{"Entries":635,"Lower":13.2,"Percentage":31.2,"Unit":"mg","Upper":20},"Extreme":{"Entries":202,"Lower":44,"Percentage":9.9,"Unit":"mg","Upper":44},"Heavy":{"Entries":233,"Lower":30,"Percentage":11.4,"Unit":"mg","Upper":44},"Light":{"Entries":518,"Lower":13.2,"Percentage":25.4,"Unit":"mg","Upper":13.2},"Strong":{"Entries":449,"Lower":20,"Percentage":22,"Unit":"mg","Upper":30}}},{"Method":"Intravenous","Tiers":{"Common":{"Entries":178,"Lower":25,"Percentage":19.3,"Unit":"mg","Upper":30},"Extreme":{"Entries":73,"Lower":40,"Percentage":7.9,"Unit":"mg","Upper":40},"Heavy":{"Entries":75,"Lower":35,"Percentage":8.1,"Unit":"mg","Upper":40},"Light":{"Entries":430,"Lower":25,"Percentage":46.7,"Unit":"mg","Upper":25},"Strong":{"Entries":165,"Lower":30,"Percentage":17.9,"Unit":"mg","Upper":35}}},{"Method":"Sublingual","Tiers":{"Common":{"Entries":1,"Lower":13.9,"Percentage":20,"Unit":"mg","Upper":15},"Extreme":{"Entries":1,"Lower":45,"Percentage":20,"Unit":"mg","Upper":45},"Heavy":{"Entries":0,"Lower":37.5,"Percentage":0,"Unit":"mg","Upper":45},"Light":{"Entries":2,"Lower":13.9,"Percentage":40,"Unit":"mg","Upper":13.9},"Strong":{"Entries":1,"Lower":15,"Percentage":20,"Unit":"mg","Upper":37.5}}},{"Method":"Oral","Tiers":{"Common":{"Entries":446,"Lower":17,"Percentage":30.8,"Unit":"mg","Upper":30},"Extreme":{"Entries":143,"Lower":97,"Percentage":9.9,"Unit":"mg","Upper":97},"Heavy":{"Entries":178,"Lower":50,"Percentage":12.3,"Unit":"mg","Upper":97},"Light":{"Entries":374,"Lower":17,"Percentage":25.9,"Unit":"mg","Upper":17},"Strong":{"Entries":305,"Lower":30,"Percentage":21.1,"Unit":"mg","Upper":50}}},{"Method":"Intrarectal","Tiers":{"Common":{"Entries":11,"Lower":40.7,"Percentage":19.6,"Unit":"mg","Upper":70},"Extreme":{"Entries":6,"Lower":162.5,"Percentage":10.7,"Unit":"mg","Upper":162.5},"Heavy":{"Entries":5,"Lower":100,"Percentage":8.9,"Unit":"mg","Upper":162.5},"Light":{"Entries":19,"Lower":40.7,"Percentage":33.9,"Unit":"mg","Upper":40.7},"Strong":{"Entries":15,"Lower":70,"Percentage":26.8,"Unit":"mg","Upper":100}}}],"Drug Classes":["Breast Feeding","Lactation","Milk, Human","Adrenergic Agents","Central Nervous System Stimulants","Dopamine Agents","Sympathomimetics","Wakefulness-Promoting Agents"],"Drug Indication":"Amphetamine is indicated for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) as well as for the treatment of central nervous system disorders such as narcolepsy. In Canada, it has been approved for the treatment of ADHD in children 6 - 12 years of age and adults (18 years of age and older).  ADHD is a complex disorder associated with the substantial heterogeneity in etiology, clinical presentation, and treatment outcome. ADHD comes from a complex interplay between interdependent genetic and non-genetic factors which cause complex mental disorders in children and teenagers.  On the other hand, narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder typically resenting during adolescence and characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness.  Amphetamine is also being used nowadays off-label for the treatment of obesity, depression and chronic pain.","Drug Warnings":"/BOXED WARNING/ Amphetamines have a high potential for abuse. Administration of amphetamines for prolonged periods of time may lead to drug dependence and must be avoided. Particular attention should be paid to the possibility of subjects obtaining amphetamines for non-theraputic use or distribution to others, and the drugs should be prescribed or dispensed sparingly. Misuse of amphetamine may cause sudden death and serious cardiovascular adverse events.","DurationOfAction":"Immediate release dosing: 3 – 6\u0026nbsp;hours Extended release dosing: 8 – 12\u0026nbsp;hours","EliminationHalfLife":"dextroamphetamine: 9 – 11\u0026nbsp;hours\u003ca href='#cite_note-4'\u003e\u003csup\u003e[4]\u003c/sup\u003e\u003c/a\u003elevoamphetamine: 11 – 14\u0026nbsp;hourspH-dependent: 7 – 34\u0026nbsp;hours","Esters":[],"European Community (EC) Number":"206-096-2","FDA Pharmacological Classification":[{"Name":"FDA UNII","ReferenceNumber":32,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"CK833KGX7E"}]}},{"Name":"Active Moiety","ReferenceNumber":32,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"AMPHETAMINE"}]}},{"Name":"Pharmacological Classes","ReferenceNumber":32,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"Established Pharmacologic Class [EPC] - Central Nervous System Stimulant"}]}},{"Name":"Pharmacological Classes","ReferenceNumber":32,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"Physiologic Effects [PE] - Central Nervous System Stimulation"}]}},{"Name":"FDA Pharmacology Summary","ReferenceNumber":32,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"Markup":[{"Extra":"CID-3007","Length":11,"Start":0,"Type":"PubChem Internal Link","URL":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Amphetamine"},{"Extra":"CID-3007","Length":11,"Start":77,"Type":"PubChem Internal Link","URL":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/amphetamine"}],"String":"Amphetamine is a Central Nervous System Stimulant. The physiologic effect of amphetamine is by means of Central Nervous System Stimulation."}]}},{"Name":"Non-Proprietary Name","ReferenceNumber":76,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"AMPHETAMINE"}]}},{"Name":"Pharmacological Classes","ReferenceNumber":76,"Value":{"StringWithMarkup":[{"String":"Central Nervous System Stimulation [PE]; Central Nervous System Stimulant [EPC]"}]}}],"Flash Point":"80 °F (EPA, 1998)","Formating":[],"HMDB ID":"HMDB0014328","Health Effects":"Prolonged use may cause hallucinations and intense paranoia. Amphetamines are psychologically addictive.  Users who stop using them report that they experience various mood problems such as aggression and anxiety and intense cravings for the drugs.  Using large amounts of these drugs can result in a condition known as amphetamine psychosis -- which can result in auditory, visual and tactile hallucinations, intense paranoia, irrational thoughts and beliefs, delusions, and mental confusion.","HeavyAtomCount":10,"Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Milk, Human; Adrenergic Agents; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dopamine Agents; Sympathomimetics; Wakefulness-Promoting Agents","Human Toxicity Values":"Therapeutic or normal amphetamine blood concentration: 2-3 ug/dL; Toxic amphetamine blood concentration: 50 ug/dL; Lethal amphetamine blood concentration: 200 ug/dL /From table/","IUPACName":"1-phenylpropan-2-amine","Impurities":"Di(1-phenylisopropyl)formamide is a by-product in the Leuckart synthesis of N-formylamphetamine, which is a reaction precursor to illegally produced dl-amphetamine. Side reactions and incomplete conversions lead to a variety of impurities and intermediate products, including benzyl methyl ketone, dibenzyl ketone, formamide, formic acid, methylamine, N,N-dimethylamphetamine, N-formylamphetamine, di(1-fenylisopropyl)amine, benzylamine, and several pyrimidine, pyridine, and pyridone compounds. Analysis of street samples suggests that amphetamines may be present in as little as 60% of purported samples. These illicit drugs contain varying amt of phencyclidine, LSD, STP, cocaine, atropine, mescaline, strychnine, and adulterants (eg, cornstarch, maltose, lactose, magnesium silicate, quinine, fibrous material).","InChI":"InChI=1S/C9H13N/c1-8(10)7-9-5-3-2-4-6-9/h2-6,8H,7,10H2,1H3","InChIKey":"KWTSXDURSIMDCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N","Interactions":"Amphetamines inhibit the hypotensive effect of veratrum alkaloids.","KEGG Entries":[{"Id":"D02074","Interactions":[],"Synonyms":["Amphetamine sulfate","Benzedrine","Evekeo"]},{"Id":"D02078","Interactions":[{"Action":"inhibition","Target":"CYP2D6"},{"Action":"induction","Target":"CYP2D6"}],"Synonyms":["Dextroamphetamine sulfate","Dexedrine","Dextrostat"]},{"Id":"D07445","Interactions":[],"Synonyms":["Amfetamine","Amphetamine","Adzenys","Dyanavel"]},{"Id":"D02074","Interactions":[],"Synonyms":["Amphetamine sulfate","Benzedrine","Evekeo"]},{"Id":"D02078","Interactions":[{"Action":"inhibition","Target":"CYP2D6"},{"Action":"induction","Target":"CYP2D6"}],"Synonyms":["Dextroamphetamine sulfate","Dexedrine","Dextrostat"]},{"Id":"D07445","Interactions":[],"Synonyms":["Amfetamine","Amphetamine","Adzenys","Dyanavel"]},{"Id":"D07445","Interactions":[],"Synonyms":["Amfetamine","Amphetamine","Adzenys","Dyanavel"]}],"MeSH Headers":[{"Id":"M0001012","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0001012.html","Name":"Amphetamine","Ref":118},{"Id":"DescTree","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":"MeSH Tree","Ref":120},{"Id":"PubMed from MeSH","Link":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/meshhome.html","Name":null,"Ref":148},{"Id":"M0001063","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0001063.html","Name":"Central Nervous System Stimulants","Ref":149},{"Id":"M0020947","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0020947.html","Name":"Sympathomimetics","Ref":150},{"Id":"M0023499","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0023499.html","Name":"Dopamine Agents","Ref":151},{"Id":"M0027961","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0027961.html","Name":"Adrenergic Agents","Ref":152},{"Id":"M0028095","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0028095.html","Name":"Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors","Ref":153},{"Id":"M0028098","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0028098.html","Name":"Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors","Ref":154}],"MeSH Pharmacological Classification":[{"Id":"M0001063","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0001063.html","Name":"Central Nervous System Stimulant","Ref":149},{"Id":"M0020947","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0020947.html","Name":"Sympathomimetic","Ref":150},{"Id":"M0023499","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0023499.html","Name":"Dopamine Agent","Ref":151},{"Id":"M0027961","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0027961.html","Name":"Adrenergic Agent","Ref":152},{"Id":"M0028095","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0028095.html","Name":"Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitor","Ref":153},{"Id":"M0028098","Link":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/M0028098.html","Name":"Dopamine Uptake Inhibitor","Ref":154}],"Mechanism of Action":"Amphetamine's structure closely resembles catecholamine neurotransmitters, characterized primarily by a long planar conformation, an aromatic ring, and nitrogen in the aryl side chain. Like endogenous catecholamines, amphetamine is actively transported into presynaptic nerve terminals via monoamine reuptake transporters, which require association with two sodium ions and one chloride ion. Because amphetamine acts as a competitive substrate, increased concentrations lead to greater internalization of amphetamine. Once in the presynaptic terminal, amphetamine competes for storage in VMAT2 (Vesicular Monoamine Transporter 2), displacing other monoamines. This action induces the release of neurotransmitters into the synapse through a process known as reverse transport. The d-isomer is approximately fourfold more potent than the $l$-isomer in promoting dopamine release via this mechanism. The mechanism of action is further complemented by the inhibition of both monoamine reuptake and monoamine oxidase (MAO), which act synergistically to significantly elevate monoamine concentrations. Amphetamine does not act as a direct inhibitor but rather as a competitive substrate, classifying it as a weak dopamine reuptake inhibitor, a moderate noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor, and a very weak serotonin reuptake inhibitor. Consequently, the l-isomer exhibits significantly lower potency in this specific action. Amphetamine acts as a weak inhibitor of the mitochondrial-bound enzyme MAO, the catalytic enzyme responsible for degrading excess neurotransmitters. Although this mechanism is often considered minor due to its weak inhibitory nature, it remains a component of amphetamine's overall action.  Amphetamine is a modulator of glutamatergic neurotransmission, primarily via its action on the dopamine system. The mass release of dopamine caused by amphetamine subsequently signals to the glutamatergic system, leading to long-lasting changes in synaptic plasticity. Amphetamine's entry into dopamine neurons triggers the endocytosis of the excitatory amino acid transporter EAAT3, reducing glutamate clearance and potentiating excitatory synaptic responses mediated by ionotropic receptors. Chronic exposure also alters receptor composition, such as the downregulation of the NMDA receptor NR2B subunit in the striatum, which is a key molecular change underlying behavioral sensitization to the drug.","Melting Point":"25 °C","Metabolism/Metabolites":"Amphetamine is known to be metabolized by the liver under the action of the CYP2D6. The metabolic pathway of amphetamine is mainly defined by aromatic hydroxylation, aliphatic hydroxylation, and n-dealkylation. The formed metabolites in this pathway are 4-hydroxyamphetamine, 4-hydroxynorephedrine, hippuric acid, benzoic acid, benzyl methyl ketone, and p-hydroxyamphetamine which is known to be a potent hallucinogen. However, a significant part of the original compound remains unchanged.","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e9\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e13\u003c/sub\u003eN","MolecularWeight":"135.21 g/mol","Non-Human Toxicity Values":"LD50 Rat ip 125 mg/kg","Odor":"Amine odor","Opticalactivity":"( + / - )","Pharmacodynamics":"From its mechanism of action, it has been demonstrated that amphetamine augments the concentration of noradrenaline in the prefrontal cortex and dopamine in the striatum on a dose and time-dependent manner. The indistinct release of neurotransmitters which include adrenaline is known to produce cardiovascular side effects.   There are old reports of a cognitive enhancement related to the administration of amphetamine in which improvements in intelligence test scores were reported.  In ADHD, amphetamine has been largely showed to produce remarkable improvements in school performance, behavior, and demeanor. The effect was shown to be produced through both racemic forms and to this date, the use of racemic forms 3:1 (D:L) is very common. The therapeutic effect of amphetamine on serotonin does not seem to have a significant clinical effect on ADHD as observed on comparative studies with amphetamine and fenfluramine, a powerful serotonin releasing factor. However, the indirect effect on serotonin might have an effect on the depression and anxiety profile of ADHD.  Studies regarding the illicit use of amphetamine in which heavy consumers were studied proved the generation of a paranoid state which flagged this drug as a psychiatric danger compound. This observation was supported by the continuous reports of misuse in patients under depression.","Physical Description":"Colored liquid with an amine odor. Used as a pharmaceutical, a central nervous system stimulant. (EPA, 1998)","PubChemId":3007,"Record Description":["LiverTox|CNS|Stimulant|Sympathomimetic amine"],"Records":{"UNII":{"Impurities":["formetorex","mapa","phenylpropanolamine","apaa","apaan","benzaldehyde"]}},"RefChem":"6615","RefCount":5,"RefCur":"","References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amphetamine","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179452","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/DB00182","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3007","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=300-62-9","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0014328","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C07514","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/CK833KGX7E","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID4022600","Name":"Amphetamine","Sub":false}]}],"Refs":["National Center for Biotechnology Information. PubChem Compound Summary for CID 3007, Amphetamine. Accessed April 14, 2026. \u003ca href=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3007\u003ehttps://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/3007\u003c/a\u003e","U.S. Food and Drug Administration; National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Amphetamine. UNII: CK833KGX7E. Global Substance Registration System. Accessed April 14, 2026. \u003ca href=https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/CK833KGX7E\u003ehttps://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/beta/substances/CK833KGX7E\u003c/a\u003e","Ingersoll J. Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, and Optical Isomers. Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs}. July 7, 1971. Accessed April 14, 2026. \u003ca href=https://archives.federalregister.gov/issue_slice/1971/7/7/12730-12734.pdf\u003ehttps://archives.federalregister.gov/issue_slice/1971/7/7/12730-12734.pdf\u003c/a\u003e","Adderall- dextroamphetamine saccharate, amphetamine aspartate, dextroamphetamine sulfate, and amphetamine sulfate tablet. Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc.. November 8, 2019. Accessed April 14, 2026. \u003ca href=https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f22635fe-821d-4cde-aa12-419f8b53db81\u003ehttps://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f22635fe-821d-4cde-aa12-419f8b53db81\u003c/a\u003e"],"Reported Fatal Dose":"In adults, 120 mg of amphetamine has caused death, but in one patient 200 mg produced only mild signs of peripheral sympathomimetic activity. Death usually is preceded by seizures and coma and usually results from cardiovascular collapse or from seizures.","SMILES":"CC(CC1=CC=CC=C1)N","SaltData":[{"AcidCount":1,"Amine":"Amphetamine","AmineCount":2,"Formula":"OS(=O)(=O)O","Name":"hemisulfate","RName":"sulfate","Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" style=\"display:block\" viewBox=\"0 0 132.114 39.358\"\u003e\u003crect width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" fill=\"#fff\"/\u003e\u003cdesc\u003eGenerated by the Chemistry Development Kit (http://github.com/cdk)\u003c/desc\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#ff0d0d\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\".7\"\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h133v40H0z\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M55.263 27.775v-15.24M55.263 12.535l-13.198-7.62M42.065 4.915l-13.199 7.62\" class=\"bond\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M28.866 12.535 15.663 4.906M26.428 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substance"}],"Solubility":"Moderate solubility","Stability/Shelf Life":"Stable under recommended storage conditions.","StereoisomerData":[{"ChemicalClasses":["amphetamine"],"SMILES":"C[C@@H](N)CC1=CC=CC=C1","Structure":"\u003csvg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" preserveAspectRatio=\"none\" style=\"display:block\" viewBox=\"0 0 76.346 34.536\"\u003e\u003crect width=\"100%\" height=\"100%\" fill=\"#fff\"/\u003e\u003cdesc\u003eGenerated by the Chemistry Development Kit (http://github.com/cdk)\u003c/desc\u003e\u003cg fill=\"#3050f8\" stroke=\"#000\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-width=\".7\"\u003e\u003cpath fill=\"#fff\" stroke=\"none\" d=\"M0 0h77v35H0z\"/\u003e\u003cg class=\"mol\"\u003e\u003cg class=\"bond\"\u003e\u003cpath d=\"M54.186 10.63h-.7M54.436 12.807h-1.2M54.686 14.984h-1.7M54.936 17.161h-2.2M55.186 19.338h-2.7M55.436 21.515h-3.2M55.686 23.693h-3.7M55.936 25.87h-4.2\"/\u003e\u003c/g\u003e\u003cpath d=\"m53.836 10.63 10.045-5.8M53.836 10.63 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mouth","Restless legs","Shakiness","Teeth grinding","Abnormal heartbeat","Increased blood pressure","Increased heart rate","Vasoconstriction"],"Visual Effects":[]},"Taste":"Acrid, burning taste","Therapeutic Uses":"Adrenergic Agents; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dopamine Agents; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Sympathomimetics","Title":"Amphetamine","Toxicity Data":"LD50: 180 mg/kg (Subcutaneous, Rat) (A308)","Treatment":"Management of acute amphetamine intoxication is largely symptomatic and includes gastric lavage, administration of activated charcoal, administration of a cathartic and sedation. (L1712)","UNII":"CK833KGX7E","Wikidata":"Q179452","Wikipedia":"Amphetamine","XLogP":1.8,"pH":"Aqueous solutions are alkaline to litmus"}