{"ATC Code":"S01EB09","Abbreviation":"ACh","Aliases":["Choline acetate","O-Acetylcholine","Acetyl choline ion","Acetylcholinum","Acetyl choline cation","2-(Acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethylethanaminium","Ach","Azetylcholin","ethanaminium, 2-(acetyloxy)-N,N,N-trimethyl-","Acetylcholine cation"],"CAS":"51-84-3","ChEBI":"CHEBI:15355","ChEMBL":"CHEMBL667","ChemicalClasses":["carboxylic acid"],"Chirality":"achiral","Classes":["Neurotransmitters"],"Dosing Info":[],"Drug Classes":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Miotics; Muscarinic Agonists; Parasympathomimetics","Drug Indication":"Used to obtain miosis of the iris in seconds after delivery of the lens in cataract surgery, in penetrating keratoplasty, iridectomy and other anterior segment surgery where rapid miosis may be required.","DrugClasses":[],"DurationOfAction":"","EINECS":"200-128-9","EliminationHalfLife":"","Esters":["acetate"],"European Community (EC) Number":"200-128-9","FDA Pharmacological Classification":"N9YNS0M02X","HMDB ID":"HMDB0000895","HeavyAtomCount":10,"Human Drugs":"Breast Feeding; Lactation; Miotics; Muscarinic Agonists; Parasympathomimetics","IUPACName":"2-acetyloxyethyl(trimethyl)azanium","InChI":"InChI=1S/C7H16NO2/c1-7(9)10-6-5-8(2,3)4/h5-6H2,1-4H3/q+1","InChIKey":"OIPILFWXSMYKGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N","MeSH Pharmacological Classification":"Drugs used to cause dilation of the blood vessels. (See all compounds classified as Vasodilator Agents.)","Melting Point":"148 °C","MolecularFormula":"C\u003csub\u003e7\u003c/sub\u003eH\u003csub\u003e16\u003c/sub\u003eNO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c/sub\u003e+","MolecularWeight":"146.21 g/mol","Physical Description":"Solid","PrevSalts":[],"PubChemId":187,"Record Description":["Acetylcholine is actylcholine is an ester of acetic acid and choline, which acts as a neurotransmitter. It has a role as a vasodilator agent, a muscarinic agonist, a hormone, a human metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a neurotransmitter. It is an acetate ester and an acylcholine.","A neurotransmitter. Acetylcholine in vertebrates is the major transmitter at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system. It is generally not used as an administered drug because it is broken down very rapidly by cholinesterases, but it is useful in some ophthalmological applications.","Acetylcholine is a Cholinergic Receptor Agonist. The mechanism of action of acetylcholine is as a Cholinergic Agonist.","Acetylcholine has been reported in Monascus pilosus, Poa huecu, and other organisms with data available.","ACETYLCHOLINE is a small molecule drug with a maximum clinical trial phase of IV (across all indications) that was first approved in 1973 and has 3 approved and 8 investigational indications.","A neurotransmitter found at neuromuscular junctions, autonomic ganglia, parasympathetic effector junctions, a subset of sympathetic effector junctions, and at many sites in the central nervous system.","See also: Acetylcholine Chloride (has salt form); Acetylcholine Bromide (is active moiety of); Acetylcholine Iodide (is active moiety of).","Acetylcholine is actylcholine is an ester of acetic acid and choline, which acts as a neurotransmitter. It has a role as a vasodilator agent, a muscarinic agonist, a hormone, a human metabolite, a mouse metabolite and a neurotransmitter. It is an acetate ester and an acylcholine."],"References":[{"Name":"Wikipedia","Urls":[{"Link":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acetylcholine","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Wikidata","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180623","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"DrugBank","Urls":[{"Link":"https://go.drugbank.com/drugs/DB03128","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"PubChem","Urls":[{"Link":"https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/187","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEMBL","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chembl/explore/compound/CHEMBL667","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"ChEBI","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.ebi.ac.uk/chebi/searchId.do?chebiId=CHEBI:15355","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"Common Chemistry","Urls":[{"Link":"https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=51-84-3","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"HMDB","Urls":[{"Link":"https://hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB0000895","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"KEGG","Urls":[{"Link":"https://www.kegg.jp/entry/C01996","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"UNII","Urls":[{"Link":"https://gsrs.ncats.nih.gov/ginas/app/ui/substances/N9YNS0M02X","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]},{"Name":"EPA DSSTox","Urls":[{"Link":"https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/chemical/details/DTXSID8075334","Name":"Acetylcholine","Sub":false}]}],"SMILES":"CC(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C","Scheduling":[],"StoreUNII":["N9YNS0M02X"],"StructureBase64":"PHN2ZyB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hsaW5rIiBoZWlnaHQ9IjgwLjE5MW1tIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjIiIHZpZXdCb3g9IjAgMCA1Ni43ODMgODAuMTkxIiB3aWR0aD0iNTYuNzgzbW0iPgogICAgICAKICAgIDxkZXNjPkdlbmVyYXRlZCBieSB0aGUgQ2hlbWlzdHJ5IERldmVsb3BtZW50IEtpdCAoaHR0cDovL2dpdGh1Yi5jb20vY2RrKTwvZGVzYz4KICAgICAgCiAgICA8ZyBmaWxsPSIjRkYwRDBEIiBzdHJva2U9IiMwMDAwMDAiIHN0cm9rZS1saW5lY2FwPSJyb3VuZCIgc3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVqb2luPSJyb3VuZCIgc3Ryb2tlLXdpZHRoPSIuNyI+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIAogICAgICAgIDxyZWN0IGZpbGw9IiNGRkZGRkYiIGhlaWdodD0iODEuMCIgc3Ryb2tlPSJub25lIiB3aWR0aD0iNTcuMCIgeD0iLjAiIHk9Ii4wIi8+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIAogICAgICAgIDxnIGNsYXNzPSJtb2wiIGlkPSJtb2wxIj4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIGNsYXNzPSJib25kIiBpZD0ibW9sMWJuZDEiIHgxPSI1NS43NDUiIHgyPSI0Mi41NDYiIHkxPSIyNS45NDEiIHkyPSIxOC4zMjEiLz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGNsYXNzPSJib25kIiBpZD0ibW9sMWJuZDIiPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIHgxPSI0MS4zMjciIHgyPSI0MS4zMjciIHkxPSIxOS4wMjUiIHkyPSI3LjAwMiIvPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIHgxPSI0My43NjYiIHgyPSI0My43NjYiIHkxPSIxOS4wMjUiIHkyPSI3LjAwMiIvPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8bGluZSBjbGFzcz0iaGkiIHN0cm9rZT0iI0ZGMEQwRCIgeDE9IjQxLjMyNyIgeDI9IjQxLjMyNyIgeTE9IjcuMDAxOTk5OTk5OTk5OTk5IiB5Mj0iMTMuMDEzNDk5OTk5OTk5OTk5Ii8+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICA8bGluZSBjbGFzcz0iaGkiIHN0cm9rZT0iI0ZGMEQwRCIgeDE9IjQzLjc2NiIgeDI9IjQzLjc2NiIgeTE9IjcuMDAxOTk5OTk5OTk5OTk5IiB5Mj0iMTMuMDEzNDk5OTk5OTk5OTk5Ii8+CiAgICAgICAgICAgIDwvZz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIGNsYXNzPSJib25kIiBpZD0ibW9sMWJuZDMiIHgxPSI0Mi41NDYiIHgyPSIzMi42MjciIHkxPSIxOC4zMjEiIHkyPSIyNC4wNDgiLz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIGNsYXNzPSJib25kIiBpZD0ibW9sMWJuZDQiIHgxPSIyOS4zNDgiIHgyPSIyOS4zNDgiIHkxPSIyOS44NjIiIHkyPSI0MS4xODEiLz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIGNsYXNzPSJib25kIiBpZD0ibW9sMWJuZDUiIHgxPSIyOS4zNDgiIHgyPSIxNi4xNSIgeTE9IjQxLjE4MSIgeTI9IjQ4LjgwMSIvPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAKICAgICAgICAgICAgPGxpbmUgY2xhc3M9ImJvbmQiIGlkPSJtb2wxYm5kNiIgeDE9IjE2LjE1IiB4Mj0iMTYuMTUiIHkxPSI0OC44MDEiIHkyPSI1OS44MjQiLz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIGNsYXNzPSJib25kIiBpZD0ibW9sMWJuZDciIHgxPSIxMi44MDkiIHgyPSIuOTEiIHkxPSI2NC4wNDEiIHkyPSI2NC4wNDEiLz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxsaW5lIGNsYXNzPSJib25kIiBpZD0ibW9sMWJuZDgiIHgxPSIxNi4xNSIgeDI9IjE2LjE1IiB5MT0iNjcuODkxIiB5Mj0iNzkuMjgxIi8+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIAogICAgICAgICAgICA8bGluZSBjbGFzcz0iYm9uZCIgaWQ9Im1vbDFibmQ5IiB4MT0iMjAuNzc3IiB4Mj0iMzEuMzkiIHkxPSI2NC4wNDEiIHkyPSI2NC4wNDEiLz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxwYXRoIGNsYXNzPSJhdG9tIiBkPSJNNDQuODA2IDMuMDc4cS0uMCAuNzU2IC0uMjU2IDEuMzI4cS0uMjU2IC41NjUgLS43NTYgLjg4MXEtLjUgLjMxNSAtMS4yNDUgLjMxNXEtLjc1NiAuMCAtMS4yNjIgLS4zMTVxLS41MDYgLS4zMTYgLS43NTYgLS44ODdxLS4yNDQgLS41NzIgLS4yNDQgLTEuMzM0cS4wIC0uNzUgLjI0NCAtMS4zMDlxLjI1IC0uNTY2IC43NTYgLS44ODFxLjUwNiAtLjMxNiAxLjI3NCAtLjMxNnEuNzMzIC4wIDEuMjMzIC4zMTZxLjUgLjMwOSAuNzU2IC44NzVxLjI1NiAuNTY1IC4yNTYgMS4zMjd6TTQwLjk0MiAzLjA3OHEuMCAuOTIzIC4zODcgMS40NTlxLjM5MyAuNTMgMS4yMiAuNTNxLjg0IC0uMCAxLjIyMSAtLjUzcS4zODcgLS41MzYgLjM4NyAtMS40NTlxLS4wIC0uOTI5IC0uMzg3IC0xLjQ1MnEtLjM4MSAtLjUyNCAtMS4yMDkgLS41MjRxLS44MzMgLS4wIC0xLjIyNiAuNTI0cS0uMzkzIC41MjMgLS4zOTMgMS40NTJ6IiBpZD0ibW9sMWF0bTMiIHN0cm9rZT0ibm9uZSIvPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAKICAgICAgICAgICAgPHBhdGggY2xhc3M9ImF0b20iIGQ9Ik0zMS42MDcgMjUuOTM4cS4wIC43NTYgLS4yNTYgMS4zMjhxLS4yNTUgLjU2NSAtLjc1NiAuODgxcS0uNSAuMzE1IC0xLjI0NCAuMzE1cS0uNzU2IC4wIC0xLjI2MiAtLjMxNXEtLjUwNiAtLjMxNiAtLjc1NiAtLjg4N3EtLjI0NCAtLjU3MiAtLjI0NCAtMS4zMzRxLjAgLS43NSAuMjQ0IC0xLjMwOXEuMjUgLS41NjYgLjc1NiAtLjg4MXEuNTA2IC0uMzE2IDEuMjc0IC0uMzE2cS43MzIgLS4wIDEuMjMyIC4zMTZxLjUwMSAuMzA5IC43NTYgLjg3NXEuMjU2IC41NjUgLjI1NiAxLjMyN3pNMjcuNzQ0IDI1LjkzOHEtLjAgLjkyMyAuMzg3IDEuNDU5cS4zOTMgLjUzIDEuMjIgLjUzcS44NCAtLjAgMS4yMjEgLS41M3EuMzg3IC0uNTM2IC4zODcgLTEuNDU5cS0uMCAtLjkyOSAtLjM4NyAtMS40NTJxLS4zODEgLS41MjQgLTEuMjA5IC0uNTI0cS0uODMzIC0uMCAtMS4yMjYgLjUyNHEtLjM5MyAuNTIzIC0uMzkzIDEuNDUyeiIgaWQ9Im1vbDFhdG00IiBzdHJva2U9Im5vbmUiLz4KICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgCiAgICAgICAgICAgIDxnIGNsYXNzPSJhdG9tIiBpZD0ibW9sMWF0bTciPgogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAKICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIDxwYXRoIGQ9Ik0xOC4wOTEgNjYuNDkxaC0uNzIxbC0yLjYxOSAtNC4wNjZoLS4wM3EuMDEyIC4yMzggLjAzIC41OTVxLjAyNCAuMzU3IC4wMjQgLjczMnYyLjczOWgtLjU2NnYtNC45aC43MTVsMi42MDcgNC4wNTVoLjAzcS0uMDA2IC0uMTA4IC0uMDE4IC0uMzI4cS0uMDEyIC0uMjIgLS4wMjQgLS40NzZxLS4wMDYgLS4yNjIgLS4wMDYgLS40ODJ2LTIuNzY5aC41Nzh2NC45eiIgZmlsbD0iIzMwNTBGOCIgc3Ryb2tlPSJub25lIi8+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgIAogICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgPHBhdGggZD0iTTE5Ljc2NyA2MS40NDdoLjgxOHYuMjkzaC0uODE4di44NDZoLS4yOTd2LS44NDZoLS44MTh2LS4yOTNoLjgxOHYtLjg1aC4yOTd2Ljg1eiIgZmlsbD0iIzMwNTBGOCIgc3Ryb2tlPSJub25lIi8+CiAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAgICAKICAgICAg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